Ukushicilelwa kwencwadi yamahlaya "Izifundo Ezibiwe" isibe ngomunye wamaphrojekthi ahlukile kakhulu mayelana inkumbulo yomlando emkhakheni wezemfundo waseSpain. Wazalelwa ekilasini futhi manje ulethwe olimini lwamahlaya, lo msebenzi ohlangene uhlanganisa ubufakazi bangempela beMpi Yombango kanye nobushiqela bukaFranco, ngokunaka kakhulu okuhlangenwe nakho kwabesifazane abashiywa ngaphandle ekulandweni okusemthethweni amashumi eminyaka.
Ngokudlala emadolobheni afana nalawa EJerez naseCartagena, lo msebenzi uhlose ukufinyelela kokubili umphakathi wezemfundo kanye nomphakathi jikelele.Ukusebenzisa amahlaya njengethuluzi lokufundisa ukuhlola isikhathi esidlule saseSpain, lo msebenzi uyingxenye yochungechunge lwezinhlelo ezifuna ukulwa nokukhohlwa umlando, ukuphonsela inselelo inkulumo-ze ezuzwe njengefa ebushiqela, kanye nezindawo ezivulekile zengxoxo ezikoleni.
Ihlaya elisebenzisanayo mayelana nenkumbulo yomlando
"Izifundo Ezibiwe. I-Comic" iguqula iphrojekthi yemfundo yangaphambilini ibe yifomethi yomugqa wamahlaya. Igxile ekubuyiseleni umlando wemindeni ohlobene neSpain yekhulu lama-20, lo msebenzi wokubambisana ohlanganisa izindaba mayelana neMpi Yombango, ukucindezelwa kukaFrancoist, kanye nokuguquka kwentando yeningi, njalo ngokombono walabo ababhekana nalezi zigameko mathupha.
Incwadi ihlanganisa ubufakazi bangempela obuvela kogogo nogogokanye nalawo abanye abahlushwa imiphumela yobudlova bezombusazwe kanye nokuvinjelwa. Amaningi ala mazwi ayesesezindaweni zangasese, ehlebezwa noma engahlanganyelwa kahle emndenini. I-comic ihlose ngqo ukukhanyisa lezi zinkumbulo ezithule futhi izibeke endaweni yomphakathi neyemfundo.
Kuthunyelwe ngu Indlu Yokushicilela yaseVinateaLe ncwadi yethulwa njengethuluzi lokuqonda umlando wakamuva waseSpain ngale kwezincwadi zendabuko. Amakhasi ayo akhuluma ngezihloko umbuso kaFranco owazama ukuzicindezela. fihla, shintsha noma ngcwabaKusukela ekucindezelweni esikhathini sangemva kwempi kuya ekwakhiweni kwendaba esemthethweni eyashiya ingxenye enkulu yabantu ngaphandle.
Enye yezinhloso ezigcizelelwa abagqugquzeli bayo ukunikeza "imfundiso yomlando othuliwe"Kuletha phambili iziqephu ezingakhululekile noma ezingaxoxwa kakhulu ezifundweni zesikole. Ngale ndlela, i-comic ayilandisi nje kuphela izindaba zesikhathi esidlule, kodwa futhi ikhuthaza ukucabanga ngendlela leso sikhathi esidlule esiye saxoxwa ngayo nokuthi obani abanelungelo lokuzwakala.
Lo msebenzi uphinde ucatshangelwe njengethuluzi lokulwa nokungazi ngesikhathi esidlule sentando yeningi. ezikhungweni zemfundo. Ngokungafani nokwenza lula noma ukukhohlwa, "Izifundo Ezibiwe" zikhuthaza indlela ebucayi neyinkimbinkimbi, lapho abafundi bengaqhathanisa khona izinguqulo, balalele ubufakazi obuqondile futhi bakhe imibono yabo.
Ababhali abangaphezu kuka-30 emsebenzini ohlanganyelwe
Ukudalwa kwe-"Stolen Lessons: The Comic" kuhlanganise ndawonye Abadwebi bezithombe nababhali bemibhalo abangaphezu kuka-30 abavela kulo lonke iSifundazwe ngisho nangaphandle kweSpain, kuhlanganiswa ulwazi lochwepheshe abaziwayo kanye nesifiso sethalente elincane. Lokhu kuhlukahluka kuhumusha kube izitayela zezithombe ezihlukene kakhulu, kodwa konke kuhlanganiswa ngentambo efanayo efanayo: ukubuyiselwa kwenkumbulo yomlando.
Phakathi kwamagama avelele kakhulu kukhona umdwebi wezithombe UCarlos Giménez, omunye wabantu abavelele kumahlaya mayelana nenkathi yangemva kwempi yaseSpainohola abadlali ababambe iqhaza. Eceleni kwakhe, lo msebenzi uveza amagama adumile njengoPaco Roca, uFermÃn SolÃs, noLuis Chamizo, ababhali abajwayele ukusebenza ngezihloko zenkumbulo, ubuwena, kanye nesikhathi esidlule.
Endabeni UPaco RocaUmnikelo wakhe uyingxenye yendlela yokudala lapho inkumbulo ibilokhu iyisihloko esiphindaphindayo. Umbhali usho izikhathi eziningana ukuthi unesifiso sokuxoxa izindaba ezingakaxoxwa, noma ezilandiswa kuphela ngokombono osemthethweni. Ukubamba kwakhe iqhaza kuqinisa isimo sokuzindla kanye nesokubhala phansi sale phrojekthi.
I-comic icatshangwa njenge- umsebenzi wobumbano kanye nobizo lomphakathiNjengoba kuchaziwe ezethulweni zabo, imali engenayo iya kumaphrojekthi ezenhlalo ngeVinatea Foundation, okwengeza isici sokusiza emsebenzini wokudala. Akukhona nje ukusabalalisa inkumbulo yomlando, kodwa futhi nokusekela izinhlelo ezisebenza namaqembu asengozini.
Ngaphezu kwezinkampani ezisunguliwe, Ababhali abasebasha bayahlanganyela, banikela ngemibono emisha kanye nezinsiza zokulandisa zesimanje.Lokhu kulinganisela kwezizukulwane kuvumela ukulandisa komlando ukuthi kuxhumane nezithameli zobudala obuhlukene, ikakhulukazi nabafundi abajwayele izilimi ezibonakalayo kanye nezakhiwo zezithombe.
Umsuka: iphrojekthi yezemfundo Izincwadi Ezinenkumbulo
I-comic yazalwa yiphrojekthi "Izincwadi Ezinenkumbulo", ezihlelwe nguprofesa weJografi kanye nomlando uLuis Vivasowasebenza cishe iminyaka engamashumi amathathu efundisa iSayensi Yezenhlalo. Lo msebenzi waqala eQuart de Poblet (eValencia) njengohlelo lwesikole olusekelwe ocwaningweni oluqondile lwabafundi.
Isiphakamiso sasiwukuthi Abafundi bazoxoxa nezihlobo zabo mayelana nokuhlangenwe nakho kwakhe phakathi nekhulu lama-20, ikakhulukazi maqondana neMpi Yombango, umbuso wobushiqela, kanye nezinguquko zezombusazwe nezenhlalo ezenzeka eSpain. Kusukela kulezi zingxoxo, kwathuthukiswa imibhalo nezinto zokwakha ezagcina seziyisisekelo sencwadi yokuqala.
Phakathi kwemisebenzi ethuthukisiwe kukhona iziphakamiso ezifana nokuthi "Izifundo ezivela kogogo nomkhulu bethu" kanye "nezifundo ezebiwe. Kungani silahlekelwe yinkumbulo yethu?"La maphrojekthi, athuthukiswe ngokubambisana nabafundi abaphothulile, athuthukise indlela egxile... umlando oxoxwayo, ukubandakanyeka okusebenzayo kwabafundi kanye nokuxhumana phakathi komkhakha womndeni kanye nekilasi.
Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, "Izincwadi Ezinenkumbulo" zasungulwa njengesibonelo sokufundisa umlando wakamuvaIthole imiklomelo ye-Education and Memory futhi inezinhlelo eziningana ezishicilelwe. Le ndlela ihlanganisa ukuqina komlando nokuhlola inkumbulo ngokomzwelo nangokokuziphatha, igcizelela ukubaluleka kokulalela labo abaphila phakathi nezenzakalo.
Ukuguqulwa kwale phrojekthi ibe yincwadi yamahlaya kusabela esifisweni sika yandisa ukufinyelela futhi uvumelanise okuqukethwe nefomethi ekhanga kakhulu izithameli ezisencane.Ulimi lwamahlaya luvumela ukubonakaliswa okubonakalayo kwezigcawu, imizwa, kanye nezimo ngezinye izikhathi okunzima kakhulu ukuzidlulisela ngombhalo wodwa, okunikeza indawo yokungena efinyeleleka kalula ezihlokweni eziyinkimbinkimbi.
Inkumbulo, ogogo kanye nemfundiso yomlando ongathuliswanga
Esinye sezici eziphawuleka kakhulu ze-"Stolen Lessons" yi- ukuvelela okunikezwa ogogo nogogo nomkhulu njengabaqaphi benkumbulo yomndeni. Emakhaya amaningi, yibo ababegcina izinkumbulo zempi, ukucindezelwa, noma ukudingiswa, yize babevame ukwenza kanjalo ngokuqapha ngenxa yokwesaba noma ubuhlungu.
I-comic igxile kulokho Okuhlangenwe nakho kwabesifazane abahlushwa ubudlova bezepolitiki, ubumpofu kanye nokucwaswaKodwa zazingavamile ukuvela ezincwadini zomlando. Ukulandisa kwazo akugcini nje ngokunikeza amaqiniso, kodwa futhi nombono wansuku zonke wokuthi umbuso wobushiqela wawukhona kanjani emadolobheni, ezindaweni zasemakhaya nasemakhaya.
Ngokombono wokufundisa, le phrojekthi yethulwa njengomzamo wokwenza ukulwa nokuntuleka kolwazi mayelana nesikhathi esidlule sentando yeningi phakathi kwezizukulwane ezisencane. Abasekeli bayo baveza ukuthi, ezikoleni eziningi, isikhathi seRiphabhulikhi Yesibili, iMpi Yombango, kanye nombuso kaFranco kukhulunywa ngaso ngokushesha noma ngokunganaki, noma akukhulunywa ngaso kakhulu.
Ngokusebenza ngobufakazi obuqondile kanye nezinto ezibonisa imidwebo, Inhloso iwukuvusa intshisekelo yabafundi nokukhuthaza ukucabanga okujulileIzindaba ezilandiswa abadala zisivumela ukuthi sibhekane nezinqubo ezinkulu zomlando futhi sixhumanise izinsuku nemicimbi nokuhlangenwe nakho okuthile komuntu siqu.
Ngalo mqondo, "Izifundo Ezibiwe" ziyahambisana Ezinye izinhlelo zenkumbulo yentando yeningi ezizama ukuletha izingxoxo emphakathini ekilasininjengokuqashelwa kwezisulu zokucindezelwa, ukumbiwa kwamathuna amaningi, kanye nokuhlolwa kabusha kwezimpawu zikaFrancoist ezindaweni zomphakathi. I-comic ayihlose ukuvala ingxoxo, kodwa ukuyivula.
Izethulo eJerez naseCartagena: lo msebenzi uyaqhubeka kulo lonke elaseSpain
Uhambo lomphakathi lwe-"Stolen Lessons: The Comic" luhlanganisa imicimbi yokwethula emadolobheni ahlukahlukene aseSpainlapho ukukhuthazwa kwezincwadi kuhlanganiswa khona nezindawo zokuxoxa ngenkumbulo yomlando. Izindawo ezimbili zakamuva ziye zaba yiJerez (e-Andalusia) kanye neCartagena (eSifundeni saseMurcia).
KuJerez, umsebenzi wethulwa ku- Isikole Sobuciko Nokuklama Okuphakeme, ku-54 Porvera StreetLo mcimbi, ohlelelwe uLwesithathu, umhla ziyi-8 kuMbasa ngo-19:00 ntambama, uhlelwe yiMarea Verde ngokubambisana neJerez Memorial Group kanye neSikole Sobuciko uqobo, kugcizelelwa indima yomphakathi wezemfundo ekudluliseleni inkumbulo.
Umhlangano kaJerez ucatshangelwe njengo ithuba lokuzindla ngenkumbulo yomlando ngombono wendawoUkuxhumanisa izindaba eziku-comic nokuhlangenwe nakho kwemindeni yasendaweni, inhloso iwukuba izilaleli, ikakhulukazi othisha nabafundi, zibone ukufana komlando wemindeni yazo emakhasini ayo.
ECartagena, amahlaya ayingxenye yohlelo "Imicabango kaCartagena"uchungechunge lwemisebenzi yokucabanga ngamasiko nokucabanga ngokujulile. Isethulo senzeka e- ihholo le-Roman Theatre Museum, ngomhlaka-11 Juni 2026 ngo-19:00 ntambama, emcimbini obuhlelwe yi-Cartagena Historical Memory Association.
Lo mhlangano uhilela ULuis Vivas Ramos, umxhumanisi wephrojekthi, kanye nabafundi ababili abahlanganyele ekudalweni kokuqukethweBachaza indlela abaxoxisane ngayo nabadala babo futhi baguqula lezo zingxoxo zaba izinto zokufundisa. Ukuba khona kwabafundi kugcizelela indlela yokubamba iqhaza kwale phrojekthi kanye nokuhlanganiswa kwayo ekilasini.
Zombili izenzo zibonisa ukuthi "Izifundo Ezibiwe" akuyona nje incwadi, kodwa iba yindawo yokuhlangana kwezizukulwane ezahlukene.lapho izakhamuzi ezindala, othisha, abafundi, kanye nomphakathi jikelele babelana ngemibono ngesikhathi esidlule nesamanje. Ngakho-ke izethulo zisebenza njengezandiso eziphilayo zokuqukethwe kwamahlaya.
Ithuluzi lokufundisa lokucabanga ngesikhathi esidlule sakamuva
Ngaphandle kwezimfanelo zayo zokubhala nezithombe, i-"Stolen Lessons" isizisungule njenge insiza yokufundisa yokusebenza ngenkumbulo yomlando eSpainImvelaphi yayo yesikole kanye nokuguqulwa kwayo ngendlela yencwadi yamahlaya kwenza ifaneleke kakhulu ukusetshenziswa ezikoleni zamabanga aphezulu nasezikhungweni zemfundo.
Le phrojekthi izibophezele ku- indlela esebenzayo, lapho abafundi beba abacwaningi kusukela emlandweni wabo womndeni nomphakathi. Ngokuxoxa nogogo nomkhulu kanye nabanye ofakazi, abafundi abagcini nje ngokuqoqa ulwazi, kodwa futhi bafunda nokulalela, ukwakha imibuzo kanye nokuqhathanisa izinguqulo.
I-comic isebenza njenge Izinto ezisekelayo zokwethula ezingxoxweni zasekilasini ezivame ukubhekwa njengezibucayinjengokucindezelwa, ukuvimbela, kanye nokuntuleka kwenkululeko ngesikhathi sombuso wobushiqela. Ngenxa yokuthi ilandiswa ngezindaba zomuntu siqu kanye nama-vignette, ibanga phakathi kwezehlakalo zomlando kanye neqiniso lansuku zonke labafundi liyancishiswa.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, umsebenzi unikeza ukuphikisana nesithombe esifakwe ushukela noma esilula sobushiqela esisaqhubeka ezingxoxweni ezithileNgokuphambene nomqondo wesikhathi sokuhleleka noma intuthuko, amakhasi athi "Izifundo Ezibiwe" abonisa imiphumela eqondile yobudlova bezepolitiki, ukwesaba, nokuthula empilweni yezinkulungwane zemindeni.
Kwabothisha, le ncwadi yethulwa kanje: ithuluzi eliguquguqukayo Ingasetshenziswa ezifundweni ezifana nomlando, ukuziphatha, noma ngisho nolimi kanye nezincwadi, isebenza ekuhlaziyweni kobufakazi, ukulandisa izindaba ngezithombe, kanye nokwakhiwa kwenkumbulo ehlangene. Isitayela sayo esifinyelelekayo kanye nendlela yokubambisana yenza kube lula ukuzivumelanisa namazinga ahlukene emfundo.
Sekukonke, i-"Stolen Lessons. The Comic" ibilokhu izibekela indawo yayo njengoba Isibonelo sendlela amahlaya kanye nemfundo okungahambisana ngayo ukubhekana nezinkinga eziyinkimbinkimbi ngaphandle kokulahla ubukhali noma ukuzwela. Njengoba iqala njengephrojekthi esikoleni samabanga aphezulu saseValencia, lesi sinyathelo sesikhule saba yisibonelo kulabo abafuna izindlela ezintsha zokutshela nokuqonda umlando wakamuva waseSpain, sinikeza izwi kulabo abathuliswa isikhathi eside kakhulu.
