Idolobha laseSantander liphinde libheja ku- izincwadi ezibukhoma ngohlelo olusha lomjikelezo "Izwi Elihlalwe. Umbhali namazwi akhe"Isiphakamiso esibe umcimbi ojwayelekile kubafundi, abanelukuluku, nabathandi bemidlalo yeshashalazi encane. Lesi sinyathelo sihlanganisa ndawonye, ezinyangeni eziningana, izingqungquthela ezikhethekile kanye ukufundwa okulingiswayo igxile kubabhali ababalulekile, abaningi babo abangaziwa kangako ngumphakathi jikelele.
Ngomfutho we UMnyango Wezamasiko woMkhandlu Wedolobha laseSantander Futhi ngokuhlanganiswa kobuciko kweLa Machina Teatro, lo mjikelezo uqinisa indima yawo njengendawo yokuhlangana phakathi ucwaningo lwezemfundo kanye nesimoUkuhlanganiswa kwezethulo eziqinile kanye nokuchazwa kwemidlalo yeshashalazi kwezingcezu ezikhethiwe kuvumela iseshini ngayinye ukuba ibe yindawo esondelene kakhulu, cishe engahlelekile, lapho igama lezincwadi lithatha khona impilo entsha.
Uchungechunge olusekelwe kahle mayelana nohlelo lwamasiko lukaSantander
Iminyaka, Izwi Elihlalwe Abantu Isizibonakalise njengenye yemisebenzi eyingqayizivele kakhulu ye- Uhlelo lwamasiko lwaseSantanderIkhansela lezamasiko, UNoemí MéndezEnkulumweni esemthethweni ugcizelele impendulo enhle kakhulu evela emphakathini, ovame ukugcwalisa iDoctor Madrazo Cultural Center futhi olandela ngokwethembeka ingxenye ngayinye yochungechunge.
Lo msebenzi wenzeka phakathi uMashi noDisembangeseshini eyodwa ngenyanga kanye nekhefu phakathi nezinyanga zasehlobo. Zonke izingqungquthela zibanjelwa e- Amahora we-19.30 eDoctor Madrazo Cultural Center futhi banikeza ukungena mahhala kuze kube yilapho sekugcwele abantu, okulinganiselwe kwabambalwa Abantu abangu-70, okukhuthaza indawo esondelene futhi ebambe iqhaza kakhulu.
UMéndez ugcizelele ukubaluleka kwale phrojekthi njengoba indawo yokusabalalisa izincwadilapho umsebenzi woprofesa, abacwaningi, kanye nochwepheshe uhlangana khona nokusebenza kwabadlali abangochwepheshe. Le ndlela ivumela umphakathi ukuthi uthole uhlu lwababhali abayisisekelo, beshintshana ngamagama adumile nabanye, naphezu kokubaluleka kwawo, abaye bahlala ngemuva kwezincwadi noma imibukiso yezincwadi.
Kulolu hlelo olusha, umjikelezo ubuyile. ihlelwe yiLa Machina TeatroInkampani yaseCantabrian enomlando omude kwezobuciko bokudlala. Umxhumanisi jikelele, UFrancisco ValcarceUkhumbule ukuthi lesi sinyathelo sesivele sisebenze iminyaka eminingana ilandelana futhi sikwazile ukwakha izithameli ezithembekile nezizinzile ezibheka lezi zikhathi "njengohlelo oluhle kakhulu lwangoLwesithathu".
Lo msebenzi uphinde ubambisene no Isisekelo sikaGerardo Diego, ohlanganyela ngendlela ekhethekile kwesinye sezikhathi zohlelo futhi oqinisa ukuxhumana komjikelezo nocwaningo lwezincwadi kanye nefa lamasiko elihlobene nezinkondlo zaseSpain zekhulu lama-20.
Ifomethi: inkulumo kanye nokufunda okudrama esimisweni ngasinye
Isici esichazayo se "Izwi Elihlalwe. Umbhali namazwi akhe" Yindlela yayo ehlanganisiwe, ehlanganisa isethulo sezemfundo ne ukufunda ngokwenza idrama yemibhalo ebalulekile ebhalwe ngumbhali ohlonishwayo. Le ndlela iphindaphindwa kuzo zonke izikhathi eziyisishiyagalombili ezihleliwe unyaka wonke.
Engxenyeni yokuqala, uthisha, umcwaningi noma uchwepheshe Inkulumo yethula umlobi okhethiwe: indaba yabo yokuphila, umongo womlando, imisebenzi emikhulu, kanye nokuqonda okubalulekile ekuchazeni kwabo. Kunokuba kube ubuchwepheshe ngokweqile, lezi zethulo zenzelwe izilaleli eziningi ezinesifiso sokuthola imininingwane emisha kanye nezincazelo ezihlukile, ngaphandle kokudinga ukuqeqeshwa kwangaphambilini kwe-philology.
Okulandelayo, igama elibhaliwe liba yingxenye ebalulekile. Abalingisi nabadlali bezithombe abavela ku- Ithiyetha iLa Machina, phakathi kwazo okugqamile UPatricia Cercas y UManuel MenárguezBanikeza amazwi abo ezingcezu ezikhethwe ngokucophelela ezivela emsebenzini wombhali oveziwe. Ukufunda, okuseduze neshashalazi kunokulandisa okulula, kuvumela izilaleli ukuthi zibone imigqi, amathoni, kanye nemizwa ngezinye izikhathi engaqashelwa ekufundeni buthule.
Le nhlanganisela ye ukuhlaziywa okubucayi kanye nokusebenza kwesiteji Lesi ngesinye sezici ezichaza ukuthandwa kwalolu chungechunge. Kwabaningi ababekhona njalo, ukuzwa imibhalo ihunyushwa ngemva kwencazelo yochwepheshe kunikeza indlela ehlukile yokuxhumana nezincwadi nokuxhumana nababhali.
Ngasohlangothini lobuchwepheshe, iphrojekthi iqondiswa yi- UVictor Lorenzo, kuyilapho inhlangano iyonke iwela ku UFrancisco ValcarceKuyindlela, uhlelo ngohlelo, ebilokhu ilungisa izikhathi, ukuguquguquka kanye nokukhethwa kokuqukethwe ukuze kufezwe izikhathi eziguquguqukayo, ezifinyelelekayo futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo ezidinga kakhulu ngokwemibhalo.
Ababhali abayisishiyagalombili baxhumene neCantabria njengento okugxilwe kuyo kulolu hlelo
Uhlelo olusha lomjikelezo luhlelwe ngo- izikhathi eziyisishiyagalombilingayinye inikezelwe kumbhali we- I-Cantabria noma enokuxhumana okuqinile nesifundaInhloso, njengoba inhlangano ichaze, ukunikeza uhambo oluhlukahlukene ngezikhathi ezahlukene, izinhlobo kanye nemizwa, kusukela kuphrozi yobuntu yekhulu le-16 kuya ezinkondlweni, ezindabeni ezithinta umphakathi noma ezindabeni ezincane zanamuhla.
Ukukhethwa kuhlanganisa abalobi abayingxenye yesiko elisungulwe kakhulu namanye amagama angajwayelekile emcabangweni ohlangene, kodwa umsebenzi wabo ubaluleke kakhulu ekuqondeni umlando wamasiko wesifunda kanye nokubikezelwa kwawo ezweni lamaHispanic. Ezimweni eziningi, laba ngababhali abagcine ubuhlobo obuseduze nezinhlangano zezincwadi zaseYurophu noma zaseLatin America, okusivumela ukuthi sixhumanise indawo yaseCantabrian nezingxoxo ezibanzi kanye nezinhlangano.
Kuwo wonke uchungechunge, izikhathi zilandelela imephu yezincwadi ehlanganisa izimbongi, ababhali bamanoveli, ababhali bezindatshana, nababhali bezincwadi, kanye nabantu abaxubile ababengababhali kanye nochwepheshe ngasikhathi sinye kwezinye izifundo, njengezokwelapha, izakhiwo, noma ubuntatheli. Lolu hlobo olunezinhlangothi eziningi luvumela umphakathi ukuthi uthole izici ezingaziwa kakhulu futhi wakhe ukuxhumana phakathi kwezincwadi, umlando, ezombusazwe, kanye nokuphila kwansuku zonke.
Uhlelo luhlelwe ngokulandelana kwezikhathi unyaka wonke, kanti imihlangano isatshalaliswa phakathi kwezinyanga ze- uMashi, u-Ephreli, uMeyi, uJuni, uSepthemba, u-Okthoba, uNovemba noDisembaNgemva kokuvalwa kwentwasahlobo kokuqala, umsebenzi uyama ehlobo bese ubuyela ngoSepthemba ngesigaba sesibili esithwala umjikelezo kuze kube sekupheleni konyaka.
Sekukonke, kusukela ohlelweni lokuqala kuze kube kolwamanje, umsebenzi ka abalobi abacishe babe amashumi amahlanuNjengoba uFrancisco Valcarce esho, lokhu kuqhubeka kuguqule i-La Palabra Habitada yaba yinqolobane yangempela yokufundwa, amazwi, kanye nemibono ngezincwadi ezihlobene neCantabria kanye nendawo yayo yamasiko.
Isheduli yengqungquthela kanye nezikhulumi
Uhlelo lwalo nyaka luqala ngo- ULwesithathu, Mashi 18 ngeseshini enikezelwe ku UJesu CancioWaziwa ngokuthi “imbongi yolwandle,” wazalelwa eComillas ngo-1885. Umsebenzi wakhe wezinkondlo uhlobene kakhulu nendawo yasogwini kanye nokuphila kwasolwandle. Ngemva kokuba osemusha ephawulwe yizifundo zesonto nokugula, washicilela izincwadi ezifana nalezi “Ama-Odes namawa”, “Romancero del mar”, “Amagagasi olwandle” o "Ongasogwini"Ukuzibophezela kwakhe njenge-republican kwaholela ekuboshweni nasekudingisweni kwakhe, futhi impilo yakhe yaphawulwa ukucindezelwa kanye nobumpumputhe eminyakeni yakhe yokugcina. Inkulumo izonikezwa ngu UMiguel Ibáñez de la Cuesta, isazi sefilosofi, uprofesa kanye nomlobi owine imiklomelo ezinhlotsheni ezifana nezinkondlo, izinganekwane ezincane kanye ne-aphorism.
Umhlangano wesibili uzoba ngomhlaka- ULwesithathu, Ephreli 15 futhi kuzogxilwa ku Ingelosi Yemifula (1827-1899), isazi sefilosofi saseCantabrian esihlobene uthando lomlando kanye nokutadisha isiko elidumileNjengomlobi wezindaba zikaSantander kanye nombhali wezindaba wangesikhathi, wazihlukanisa ngezindatshana zakhe zomlando nezokubhala, kanye nezincwadi zakhe amanoveli emvelo ye-costumbrista enobukhona obuqinile beNkathi Ephakathi kanye nezinganekwane. Ucwaningo lwakhe lwefilosofi kanye nesithakazelo sakhe emasikweni kwaba nethonya eliphawulekayo kwabanye abalobi, kwaze kwaba seqophelweni lokukhuthaza abalingiswa abanjengoNkosi yoMbhoshongo waseProvedaño encwadini ethi “Peñas arriba” kaJosé María de Pereda. Isethulo sizonikezwa ngu URaquel Gutiérrez SebastiánUProfesa Wezilimi Nezincwadi Zokufundisa eNyuvesi yaseCantabria kanye nochwepheshe ezifundweni zokulandisa kanye nezifundo zefilosofi ze-costumbrista.
El NgoLwesithathu May 13 kuzoba yithuba lika U-Ernesto García LadeveseWazalelwa eCastro Urdiales ngo-1850. Wayeyimbongi esemncane, washeshe wayeka izinkondlo zezingoma ukuze azinikele ekuziphatheni kwakhe. ubuntatheli kanye nenoveliIndaba yakhe, ephawulwe ngokuthambekela okucacile kwe-republican kanye nokungavumelani nenkolo, ibonakaliswa ngokuvezwa kuka izingxabano zomphakathi kanye nokugxeka kwakhe amandla ezikhulu kanye neSonto, njengoba kubonakala emisebenzini efana nethi "The Honor of Women." Ngaphezu komsebenzi wakhe wokubhala, wahlanganyela ngenkuthalo ezingxoxweni zamaRiphabhulikhi futhi waqopha lokhu ku-"Memoirs of a Republican Conspirator." Njengomngane oseduze wabantu abanjengoBenito Pérez Galdós noRubén Darío, wayehlala egcina ukuzibophezela okuqinile kwezepolitiki. Kuzoxoxwa ngempilo yakhe nomsebenzi wakhe. UBorja Rodríguez Gutiérrez, umcwaningi, umhleli wezincwadi zakudala zanamuhla kanye nomongameli weMenéndez Pelayo Society.
Ibhloko lentwasahlobo liyavalwa NgoLwesithathu, ngoJuni 17, kanye neseshini enikezelwe ku UJosé de la Colina (Santander, 1934 - Mexico City, 2019), elinye lamagama abalulekile ku- inganekwane encane ngesiSpanishi futhi wayengumuntu oyedwa phakathi kwezincwadi zamaHispanic zekhulu lama-20. Ubuntwana bakhe baphawulwa ngokudingiswa, okwambeka phakathi kwababhali besizukulwane sesibili abadingisiwe, abathuthukisa cishe yonke imisebenzi yabo ezweni labo abalamukelayo. Umsebenzi wakhe eNuevo Cine Group, iminikelo yakhe komagazini abayisisekelo, kanye nokuhlela kwakhe iminyaka engamashumi amabili ye-“El Semanario Cultural” kwaqinisa isikhundla sakhe njengomuntu oholayo empilweni yamasiko aseMexico. Phakathi kwemisebenzi yakhe ephawulekayo kukhona iqoqo lezindaba. "Ukukhulisa"Iqoqo lezindatshana elithi “Of Phantom Freedoms or Literature as Play” kanye neqoqo lezindatshana ezincane elithi “I Too Am Scheherazade” lizokwethulwa. Inkulumo izonikezwa ngu ULeticia Bustamante, isazi sefilosofi, i-PhD ku-Literary Theory kanye nochwepheshe wezincwadi ezimfushane nezindaba eziphakathi.
Ngemva kwekhefu lasehlobo, umjikelezo uqala kabusha Septemba 16 con UBaldomero Fernández MorenoUyimbongi nodokotela wasemakhaya owazalelwa eBuenos Aires ngo-1886, indodana kababa waseCantabria, ungumuntu ovelele ezincwadini zase-Argentina. Izinkondlo zakhe, eziqondile futhi eziseduze ngethoni, zihlanganisa ulwazi lomsebenzi kanye nokuphila kwansuku zonke ngokuzwela okwamenza waba yitshe lokuhlola izizukulwane eziningana. Iseshini izoba nokuhlanganyela kwe U-Andrea Puente, umqondisi weGerardo Diego Foundation, isikhungo esiphinde sinikeza ukwesekwa okukhethekile kulo mcimbi, sigcizelela ukuxhumana phakathi kwe- izinkondlo ezivela ogwini lomabili ye-Atlantic.
El I-14 ngo-Okthoba sizokhunjulwa URafael Gutiérrez Colomer (Santander, 1937 – Madrid, 1986), umklami wezakhiwo oqeqeshwe futhi owayeyi- umdwebi, umhleli kanye nembongiIndlela yakhe yokudala yayihlanganisa imikhakha ehlukahlukene yobuciko, okwamvumela ukuthi avale igebe phakathi kwesithombe, isikhala, kanye negama. Inkulumo izonikezwa yimbongi. UJuan Antonio González Fuentes, okuzokhuluma kokubili ngokubhala kwakhe kanye nendima yakhe ekwakhiweni kwamasiko angaleso sikhathi.
Umjikelezo ungena esigabeni sawo sokugcina ngo 18 ngoNovemba ngeseshini enikezelwe ku UFriar Antonio de Guevara (Treceño, 1480 - Mondoñedo, 1545), omunye we ababhali bezincwadi abanethonya elikhulu kusukela engxenyeni yokuqala yekhulu le-16. Umsebenzi wakhe, oxhumene nobuntu kanye nesiko lokukhuluma, waba nomthelela ophawulekayo ezincwadini zaseYurophu zesikhathi sakhe, ikakhulukazi ngenxa yempumelelo yezincwadi zakhe nemibhalo yakhe enobuntu kanye nezombusazwe. Umuntu onikezwe umsebenzi wokucwaninga ngokujulile ngefa lakhe uzoba UJuan José Prior, ophothule izifundo zeClassical Philology kanye nochwepheshe we-rhetoric theory, ozonikeza umbono obanzi ngomongo lapho lo mfundisi abhala khona kanye nokwamukelwa kwakhe okulandelayo.
Uhlelo luzophela ngo- Disemba 16 ngesibalo sika UCarlos Salomón (Madrid, 1923 – Santander, 1955), imbongi ehlotshaniswa neqembu likamagazini i-“Proel” kanye nozakwabo wababhali abafana no UJosé Hierro, uJosé Hidalgo noma uJulio MaruriNaphezu kokufa kwakhe esemncane, washiya umsebenzi obalulekile ezinkondlweni zangemva kwempi, ophawulwe ngokuzindla ngezinto ezenzeka kanye nobuciko obuhlelekile. Iseshini izoholwa ngu U-Alberto Santamaría, umbhali nomgxeki, owine uMklomelo Wezincwadi Zedolobha LaseSantander, ozobukeza kokubili ukukhiqizwa kukaSalomón kanye nendima yakhe kulowo mbuthano wezincwadi waseSantander.
Iphrojekthi yesikhathi eside ebheke ikusasa
Ngalesi sigaba esisha, Izwi Elihlalwe Abantu iqinisekisa isimo sayo njengephrojekthi ye ibanga elideikwazi ukugcina isakhiwo esivumelanayo ngenkathi izivuselela ngasikhathi sinye ngokukhetha ngakunye kwababhali. Kusukela yasungulwa, lolu chungechunge lunezele ababhali nezikhathi, lwafinyelela izibalo ezingu-49 ezifundwe, eziningi zazo ezingaziwa naphezu kokubaluleka kwazo emlandweni wezincwadi waseCantabria kanye nomhlaba wamaHispanic.
Inkampani Ithiyetha iLa Machina sekuyinto eqhuba umsebenzi, hhayi nje ekuxhumaniseni kodwa nasekuhleleni imibhalo. Ukuchazwa kwe- UPatricia Cercas y UManuel MenárguezPhakathi kwezinye izinto, ziye zaba negalelo kubantu abaningi abakhuluma nalaba babhali okokuqala ngokwenza kanjalo ngokusebenzisa ulwazi oluthinta imizwa noluthinta imizwa, ngale kokufunda komuntu ngamunye.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ithimba lezikhulumi lihlanganisa ezinye ze amagama ahamba phambili ocwaningweni lwezincwadi kuxhunywe neCantabria: kusukela kochwepheshe bamasiko endawo kuya kochwepheshe bezincwadi ezincane, ubuntu beRenaissance, kanye nezinkondlo zanamuhla. Abahlanganyeli balo nyaka bahlanganisa, ngaphezu kwalabo asebeshiwo kakade, abantu abanamarekhodi aqinile ekufundiseni eyunivesithi, ekugxekeni nasekushicileleni, okuqinisekisa indlela eqinile kodwa efinyelelekayo.
Ukubambisana kwezikhungo ezifana ne- Isisekelo sikaGerardo Diego kanye nomphumela oqondile we I-Santander City Council Ziqinisa ukuzinza komjikelezo futhi zivula umnyango wemigqa emisha yomsebenzi. Le nhlangano ikhombisile ukuthi lolu hlelo luphawula, ngandlela thile, ukuphela kwesigaba esigxile kakhulu kubabhali abavela eCantabria noma abahlobene eduze nesifunda.
Njengoba sibheke izikhumbuzo ezizayo kanye nezinsuku zokukhumbula, inhloso ukuklama izinhlelo zesikhathi esizayo ezixhumanisa le ndlela yendawo kanye izenzakalo ezibalulekile zezincwadi zaseSpain, njengeminyaka eyikhulu yesizukulwane sika-'27, engaletha amafomethi akhethekile, ababhali abasha abayizivakashi kanye mhlawumbe nezinye izindlela zokuletha ucwaningo lwezemfundo engxoxweni nesiteji.
Uma sihlanganisa konke, umjikelezo othi “Izwi Elihlalwe. Umbhali namazwi akhe” usuphenduke Umcimbi obalulekile kulabo abafuna ukuthola noma ukuthola kabusha ababhali abakhe umlando wezincwadi waseCantabria kanye nethonya lawo eSpain naseMelika. Ukuhlanganiswa kwezinkulumo ezifinyelelekayo, ukufundwa okulingiswayo, kanye nenqubo yokukhetha ehlelwe ngokucophelela kwenza iseshini ngayinye ibe ngumnyango ovulekile wokufundwa okusha kanye nezindlela ezintsha zokuzwa izincwadi, kanye nenani elengeziwe lendawo eyamukelayo kanye nefomethi eyenzelwe ukuvumela ukujabulela izwi elikhulunywayo ngokukhululeka njengoba lihlalwa ngamazwi anamuhla.
