Isiyalo namandla: izincwadi ezihamba phambili zeKarate
I-karate—ephinde ibizwe ngokuthi i-karate—ubuciko bokulwa bendabuko obuhlanganisa izitayela ezithile zempi yaseShayina nokuma okusuka esiqhingini sase-Japan sase-Okinawa. Njengamanje, lokhu kuziphatha kubonakala ngokusetshenziswa kwezibhakela, amabhlogo, ukukhahlela nokushaya izandla ezivulekile. Amagama amasu anikezwa ngokwengxenye yomzimba okufanele ivikelwe noma ihlaselwe.
Kokubili ukuzalwa kweKarate nokuziphendukela kwemvelo kwayo kanye nokwanda okwalandela emhlabeni wonke zenze isasasa elikhulu kosomlando kanye nabaculi bezempi ngokufanayo, abenze umsebenzi oyingqayizivele ekwakheni imibhalo ebhala umkhondo walesi sifundo esihle. Kulolu hlu sethula izincwadi ezingcono kakhulu eziye zabhalwa ngale ndaba.
Kodwa okokuqala: umongo omfushane womlando weKarate
Iziqalo
Ngokusho kosomlando, I-karate inemvelaphi yayo phakathi nekhulu le-16 kwezobuciko bezempi bomdabu baseRyukyu Islands, indawo namuhla eyaziwa ngokuthi i-Blue Zone yase-Okinawa. Lo mkhuba ekuqaleni wavela esidingweni samaqhawe omdabu akulesi siqhingi - i-pechin - ukuvikela u-Shō Tai, inkosi yokugcina yendawo, kanye nabo ngokwabo ekuhlukunyezweni okwenziwa ama-samurai.
Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, Ubuciko banda futhi baqala ukufundiswa ngokuhlelekile ku Japan ngemuva kwenkathi yeTaisho ekhulwini lama-20. Ukushintshana kwamasiko phakathi kwamaJapane nabakhileyo eziqhingini zaseRyukyu kwaqinisa isiyalo, bejabulela izici ezihlanganisayo ezifana namandla, isivinini, ukuphefumula, ibhalansi, ingcindezi nokuphumula, ukunemba kanye nezinye izisekelo esizozibona ngezansi.
Lezi yizincwadi ezinhle kakhulu ongazifunda ngeKarate
I-Karate-Do, indlela yami: I-Autobiography (2017), ngu-Gichin Funakoshi
U-Master Gichin Funakoshi, umsunguli wesitayela se-Shotokan, wabelana ngempilo yakhe nefilosofi ngokulandisa okujulile nokucabangelayo. Kusukela ebuntwaneni bakhe e-Okinawa kuya endimeni yakhe ebalulekile ekusakazeni iKarate eJapane nasemhlabeni, UFunakoshi ulandisa ngokuhlangenwe nakho kwakhe ngokuthobeka nokuhlakanipha okubonisa iminyaka yakhe yokuzijwayeza.
Kuyo yonke le ncwadi, umbhali akachazi nje kuphela ukuqeqeshwa kwakhe kanye nokuthuthukiswa kweKarate yesimanje, kodwa futhi udlulisela izifundo zokuziphatha, ukubekezela nokuzithuthukisa okwakumqondise. Okungaphezu nje kwe-autobiography, Lo msebenzi uwubufakazi be-karate-do njengendlela yokuphila., lapho amasu nomoya kuhlangana khona ukwakha ubuciko bokulwa obusekelwe ekuhlonipheni nasekuzikhuzeni.
Izingcaphuno zikaGichin Funakoshi
- "I-Karate iqala futhi iphetha ngokuthi "Rei" (Ukubingelela - Ngenhlonipho)".
- "KuKarate akukho ukuhlasela kokuqala, noma icala lokuqala."
- "Ikarati kumele ibe ngasohlangothini lwezobulungiswa."
- "Ngaphambi kokuzama ukwazi abanye, zazi wena."
- "Umoya ubaluleke kakhulu kunezindlela."
I-Karate ephelele ye-kata manual (2011), ngu-Hirokazu Kanazawa
Kulo msebenzi owuchungechunge, umpetha odumile u-Hirokazu Kanazawa, ongomunye wabantu ababenethonya elikhulu ku-Shotokan karate, iveza umhlahlandlela ophelele wama-katas, ukulandelana kokunyakaza okuhlanganisa ingqikithi nezindlela zeKarate yendabuko. Umbhali udala isakhiwo esinemininingwane nesicacile, lapho enikeza khona imiyalelo yokwenziwa kwe-kata ngayinye.
Izincazelo zakhe zihambisana nemifanekiso yencazelo yazo, ukusetshenziswa kanye nezimiso zamasu. Kanazawa Akagcini nje ukwabelana ngolwazi lwakhe olujulile lwezobuchwepheshe, kodwa futhi nefilosofi nesiyalo esisekela lo mkhuba. yeKarate njengendlela yokuzithuthukisa kanye nokwenza ngcono umzimba.
Izingcaphuno ze-Hirokazu Kanazawa
- “Uma umSamurai ethi uzokwenza okuthile, kuba sengathi sekwenziwe kakade. Akukho lutho emhlabeni oluyomvimba ekufezeni lokho athe uzokwenza. Akumelwe anikeze izwi lakhe noma enze izithembiso. Isenzo esilula sokukhuluma sisungule isenzo sokwenza.
- "Ukuze ube umfundisi omuhle udinga ukuqonda abafundi bakho. Kufanele ngiqonde abafundi bami futhi ngiqonde uhlobo oluhlukile lwesiko esinalo. Ngizamile ukuthatha okuhle kakhulu komibili imihlaba, ngilinganisele futhi ngifundise abafundi bami.
Bubishi: ibhayibheli likarati (2001), nguPatrick McCarthy
Lona umsebenzi obalulekile wezifundiswa zeKarate kanye nobuciko bokulwa bendabuko. Kule ncwadi, isazi-mlando esidumile kanye nompetha wekarate uPatrick McCarthy wethula ukuhumusha nokuhlaziya Bubishi, umbhalo wesandla wasendulo wesiShayina owathonya kakhulu ukuthuthukiswa kwesiyalo e-Okinawa.
El Bubishi Iqukethe ulwazi mayelana namaqhinga okulwa, amaphuzu abalulekile, imithi yendabuko, isu kanye nefilosofi yezempi. UMcCarthy akahumushi nje umbhalo wokuqala kuphela, kodwa uyawunothisa ngokuhlaziya nezincazelo ezisiza umfundi aqonde ukubaluleka kwawo ngokomlando nokusebenza kwawo.
Patrick McCarthy Quotes
- "Bengilokhu nginobudlelwane bemvelo be-kata futhi ngakhangwa kukho ekuqaleni kokuqeqeshwa kwami ngabo-1960."
- "Ingxenye ebalulekile yokukwazi ukuzivikela ikhono lokuzwa kanye/noma ukuhlonza ukuziphatha okuvame ukuhlotshaniswa nenhloso enobutha."
I-Kyokushin: ukuziphendukela kwemvelo ngaphandle kokukhohlwa isiko (2021), ngu-Shihan Fernando Pérez
U-Shihan Fernando Pérez uhlola ifa nokuziphendukela kwemvelo kwe-Kyokushin Karate, esinye sezitayela ezifunwa kakhulu nezihlonishwayo ngaphakathi kwezobuciko bokulwa. Ngokuhlaziya okuningiliziwe, Umbhali ucubungula umlando, izimiso eziyisisekelo kanye nefilosofi yalo mkhakha, edalwe u-Mas Oyama wodumo.
Le ncwadi ikhuluma ngokubaluleka kokulinganisela phakathi kwesiko nesimanje, ekhombisa ukuthi i-Kyokushin ivele kanjani ngokuhamba kwesikhathi ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa ingqikithi yayo. Ngezincazelo zobuchwepheshe, ama-anecdotes kanye nokucabangisisa ngokuqeqeshwa kanye nengqondo yekarate, lo msebenzi uba yisithenjwa esibalulekile kubo bobabili odokotela nabafundisi abafuna ukuqonda ukujula nomoya walobu buciko bokulwa.
Izingcaphuno zikaShihan Fernando Perez
- "Ukuze kube khona izimbangi, abafundisi kufanele babambe iqhaza. Akwanele ukuthi abafundi bathole amakilasi ku-dojo kufanele banikezwe amakilasi engeziwe.
- “Ikarati inginike okuningi, ngisho nasezingeni lomuntu siqu. Ngiyathanda ukuqeqesha, ngikwenza nsuku zonke, kuyangisiza ukuthi ngibe nokuphazamiseka kwengqondo emsebenzini, ngenxa yengcindezi onayo nsuku zonke.
I-Karatejutsu. I-Okinawan Boxing: Emsebenzini wozakwethu (2020), ngu-Motobu Chôki
Kulo msebenzi, umpetha wodumo u-Motobu Chôki, ongomunye wabantu abanethonya elikhulu e-Okinawan Karate, wethula umbono oyingqayizivele nongokoqobo we-karatejutsu, ubuciko bokulwa ngendlela yawo yokulwa nephumelelayo. Le ncwadi icubungula izindlela zokuqeqesha ezimbili, kubalulekile ekuthuthukiseni ukusetshenziswa kwangempela kwamasu ekulweni.
Ngezincazelo ezinemininingwane nemifanekiso, Umbhalo uchaza ukubaluleka kwe- kumite njengesisetshenziswa sokufunda, ephenya amaqhinga okuzivikela, ukuhlasela kanye namasu asekelwe kokuhlangenwe nakho kukaMotobu ngokwakhe, owaphawulwa ngendlela yakhe engokoqobo yeKarate.
I-Karate-Do Kyohan (2010), ngu-Gichin Funakoshi
Kubhekwa njengemanuwali eqondile yeKarate yendabuko, I-Karate-Do Kyohan Ubuciko bobuciko bukaGichin Funakoshi. Kule ncwadi, U-Funakoshi wethula ngokucophelela okuyisisekelo kwe-karate-do, ehlanganisa yonke into kusukela ekumeni kanye namasu kuya ekubulaweni kwama-katas kanye nokusetshenziswa okungokoqobo kokulwa.
Ngezincazelo ezinemininingwane, imidwebo nezithombe, inkosi ichaza izinsimbi zokunyakaza futhi idlulisele ifilosofi esekela lobu buciko bokulwa: ukufuna ukuzithiba, isiyalo nenhlonipho. Ngaphandle kokuba imanuwali yezobuchwepheshe, Lo mbhalo uyindlela ephelele esivumela ukuthi siqonde i-karate-do njengendlela yokubona umhlaba nempilo ngokwayo..
Qedela Isivumelwano ngeKarate (1984), nguHermenegildo Camps
Kungumsebenzi oyisisekelo kulabo abafisa ukuthola ukuqonda okujulile nokuhleleke kakhudlwana kwezobuciko. Ibhalwe nguHermenegildo Camps, Le ncwadi inikeza indlela enemininingwane nenqubo yezimiso zobuchwepheshe, zamaqhinga nezefilosofi yeKarate, iba yisithenjwa esibalulekile kubo bobabili abaqalayo kanye nodokotela abasezingeni eliphezulu.
Kuwo wonke amakhasi ayo, umbhali ukhuluma ngayo yonke into kusukela emlandweni nezisekelo zeKarate kuya ekusetshenzisweni kwamasu, ama-katas namasu okulwa. Ngaphandle kwalokho, Izici ezibalulekile ezifana nokuziphatha kwengqondo, ukuzilungiselela ngokomzimba kanye nokusebenza okungokoqobo kuyahlolwa ukunyakaza ezimweni zangempela.
