Isithonjana sobuciko: izincwadi ezihamba phambili ngoFrida Kahlo
UFrida Kahlo wayengumdwebi waseMexico, aziwa kakhulu ngokuzenzela izithombe ezibonisa ulwazi lwakhe siqu, eveza ukunqoba nobunzima adlule kubo kukho konke ukuphila kwakhe okungajwayelekile. U-Kahlo ubuye abhekwe njengomfanekiso wesiko elidumile, kokubili eMexico nakwezinye izingxenye zeLatin America, futhi uye waba nomthelela emsebenzini wabalobi banamuhla.
Impilo yomdwebi yayiphawuleka ngengozi embi yebhasi eyenzeka ebusheni bakhe. Lesi sigameko simenze wahlala isikhathi eside elele, wahlinzwa amashumi amathathu nambili. Kulandela uhambo lwakhe olunesiphithiphithi emhlabeni, ababhali abaningi babhale ngempilo yakhe nomsebenzi wakhe. Lezi yizincwadi ezinhle kakhulu ngoFrida Kahlo.
Umlando omfushane kaFrida Kahlo
Iminyaka yokuqala
Magdalena Frida Carmen Kahlo futhi uCalderón wazalwa ngoJulayi 6, 1907 eCoyoacán, eMexico City. Wayeyindodakazi yesithathu yomshado phakathi komthwebuli wezithombe uGuillermo Kahlo noMatilde Calderón.. Ubudlelwano bakhe nomama wakhe babubanda futhi buqhelelene, kuyilapho noyise ehlanganyela ubuhlobo obukhethekile bobuzalwane, ikakhulukazi ngoba bobabili babesekelana ezifweni zabo.
Ngo-1922 wangenela iNational Preparatory School of Mexico City ngenhloso yokuyofundela ubuDokotela. Lapho, wahlangana neqembu lentsha alijoyina. Ndawonye, baziwa ngokuthi ama-Las Cachuchas, futhi bazinikele ekwenzeni "ipolitiki" ngaphakathi kwesikhungo, besekela ukunyakaza okunemibono ehambisana ne-anarchism kanye nenguquko yothando.
Ingozi kanye nokuqala komsebenzi wakhe wobuciko
Ngo-September 17, 1925, uFrida wayebuya esikoleni no-Alejandro Gómez Arias, isoka lakhe ngaleso sikhathi. Esikhathini esingalindelekile, ibhasi ayeligibele lashayiswa ithilamu.. Izinto zokuthutha zachotshozwa odongeni, zabhujiswa ngokuphelele. Khonamanjalo, umgogodla kaKahlo wawuqhekeke ezindaweni ezintathu, kodwa kwakungeyona kuphela into ahlupheka ngayo.
Umdwebi wesikhathi esizayo waphuka izimbambo, ama-collarbones, indawo ye-pelvic kanye nomlenze wesokudla. Ngemva kwaleyo ngozi embi, umuthi wesikhathi sakhe wamhlukumeza ngokumhlinza izikhathi eziningi, amakhosethi okhonkolo kanye nokuzelula. Ngaphambi kokuthi konke lokhu kwenzeke, UKahlo ubekade efunda eshabhu yokuqopha nokunyathelisa kaFernando Fernández Domínguez.,umngane kayise.
Lolu lwazi lwamsiza kakhulu phakathi nezikhathi zokukhothama, lapho kwakudingeka ahlale athule ngangokunokwenzeka ukuze asize amathambo akhe aphole. Kwaba ngaleso sikhathi Waqala ukuthuthukisa ukunambitheka okukhethekile kakhulu kokudweba. —umsebenzi owawungamthakazelisi kangako ngaphambili. Ngo-1926 wapenda umdwebo wakhe wokuqala kawoyela, waqhubeka nokudweba kwaze kwaba sekufeni kwakhe ngo-1954.
Izincwadi ezinhle kakhulu ngoFrida Kahlo
Idayari kaFrida Kahlo (2001), nguSarah M. Lowe
Le ncwadi iwukuhlaziya okuningiliziwe kwedayari yomuntu siqu kaFrida Kahlo, umbhalo wesandla obuseduze owabhalwa umdwebi phakathi kuka-1944 no-1954. Ngamakhasi ayo, agcwele imicabango, izinkondlo, imidwebo kanye nokuqhuma kombala, uKahlo wembula izwe lakhe langaphakathi.
Isazi-mlando sezobuciko u-Sarah M. Lowe uhlolisisa ukufanekisa kanye nencazelo yale mibhalo nemidwebo, ibeka isimo phakathi kwempilo nomsebenzi wombhali. Ihlola ukuthi idayari ibubonisa kanjani ubuhlungu bukaFrida bomzimba nobungokomzwelo, ubudlelwano bakhe no-Diego Rivera, ubuyena bezepolitiki, kanye nenqubo yakhe yokudala.
Kahlo: 1907-1954 (2015), nguGerry Souter
Kule biography enezithombe, uGerry Souter uhlola impilo nomsebenzi kaFrida Kahlo, emveza njengomunye wabaculi abayizifanekiselo kakhulu zekhulu lama-20. Umbhali wenza ukuhlola okujulile kwemidwebo yakhe kanye nokulandisa okuningiliziwe komsebenzi wakhe, egxilisa umfundi endaweni yonke yowesifazane owaguqula ukuhlupheka kwakhe kwaba imidwebo enelukuluku eyaba nesithakazelo esikhulu kwezohwebo.
Kusukela ebuntwaneni bakhe onakaliswe uvendle kuya engozini enyantisayo eyachaza ikusasa lakhe, uSouter uhlola ukuthi ukuhlangenwe nakho kukaKahlo kwabonakala kanjani emisebenzini yakhe, ebhekene nezimpawu, ubuhlungu kanye nothando. Ngaphandle kwalokho, ukhuluma ngobudlelwano bakhe obuyinkinga no-Diego Rivera, ubushoshovu bakhe bezepolitiki kanye nokulwela kwakhe ukuzazi eMexico eguqukayo.
UFrida Kahlo: i-biography (2016), nguMaria Hesse
Lena enye i-biography enezithombe, lapho umbhali egxilisa umfundi empilweni kaFrida Kahlo ngenhlanganisela yemifanekiso elandisayo nevusayo. Le ncwadi ihlanganisa izikhathi ezibalulekile empilweni yomdwebi waseMexico: Ukukhula kwakhe kwaphawulwa ukugula, ingozi, ubuhlobo bakhe obungenampilo noDiego Rivera, nomzabalazo wakhe wokuthola izwi lakhe ezweni elibuswa amadoda.
Ngaphezu kwe-biography evamile, UFrida Kahlo: i-biography Kuwukuhlonipha umbhali kulokho akuthatha njengamandla nokuzwela kowesifazane ophendule ubuhlungu babenza ubuciko. U-Hesse usebenzisa isitayela esiseduze nesingokomzwelo, futhi usimema ukuba sihlole indawo yonke engokomfanekiso kaKahlo., egqamisa lokho akuthatha njengefa lakhe, "isithonjana somzabalazo, ubuciko kanye nobunikazi besifazane."
Kahlo (2015), ngu-Andrea Kettenmann
Njengasezincwadini ezandulele, lena inikeza ukuhlaziywa kwempilo nomsebenzi kaFrida Kahlo, ilandisa ngezinga elingakanani izinhlekelele zakhe zazihlale zinethonya kulokho ayekuveza emakhanvasi akhe. Umsebenzi ulandelela umsebenzi womdwebi, njengoba cishe njalo, kusukela eminyakeni yakhe yokuqala kuya ebudlelwaneni bakhe bothando obunezinkinga kanye nendlela zonke lezi zici ezimphendule ngayo umuntu obonakalayo.
Ngokukhethwa ngokucophelela kwezithombe zemisebenzi yakhe nezithombe zokuphila kwakhe, U-Kettenmann wembula uphawu ngemuva kwezithombe zikaKahlo ezizimele, ukusetshenziswa kwayo kombala, ukumelwa kobuhlungu kanye nokuxhumana kwayo ne-surrealism kanye nobunikazi baseMexico.
UFrida Kahlo: Izithombe ze-Gisèle Freund (2015), nguGerard de Cortanze
Le ncwadi iwubufakazi obubonakalayo obuyingqayizivele beminyaka yokugcina kaFrida Kahlo, ethathwe ngelensi yomthwebuli wezithombe odumile u-Gisèle Freund. Ngesandulelo sikaGérard de Cortanze, Umsebenzi uhlanganisa iqoqo lezithombe ezisondelene eziveza uKahlo emzini wakhe, i-Blue House, no-Diego Rivera, abangani nomkhathi wakhe wokudala.
Ngalé kokubaluleka kwazo kobuhle, lezi zithombe zinikeza ukubheka eduze nokomuntu siqu impilo yansuku zonke yomdwebi, ebonisa ubuthakathaka bakhe bomzimba, imizwa yakhe kanye nothando lwakhe olungaguquki lobuciko kanye nobunikazi base-Mexico. Ihambisana nemibhalo ehlanganisa umlando wayo, Lezi zithombe zembula uFrida wangempela noqotho, kude nenganekwane esizungezile.
