Imisebenzi ka-Arthur Conan Doyle
U-Arthur Conan Doyle wayengumbhali wamanoveli waseBrithani, imbongi, umbhali wemidlalo yeshashalazi nodokotela ongasidingi neze isingeniso. Emhlabeni wezinhlamvu, waziwa kakhulu ngokuba ngumdali womphenyi odumile nohlakaniphile uSherlock Holmes. Umsebenzi ka-Doyle uningi ngempela, okuhlanganisa izindaba eziqanjiwe zesayensi, amanoveli omlando, imidlalo yeshashalazi nezinkondlo. Kuhlu lwezincwadi zaseHolmes kuphela kunamanoveli amane nezindaba ezingamashumi amahlanu nesithupha.
Uma sikhuluma nge "canon", sibhekisela kuzo zonke izigigaba zika-Sherlock ezibhalwe ngu-Conan Doyle kuphela, ngesakhiwo nesitayela esivamile, njengoba kunemisebenzi eminingi ephefumulelwe yilo mbhali nomlingiswa wakhe. Phakathi kweziqu ezidumile zika-Arthur kukhona futhi Umhlaba Olahlekile, inoveli ekhuluma ngohambo lokuya ethafeni eliphefumulelwe iNtaba iRoraima.
I-biography emfushane
Iminyaka yokuqala
U-Arthur Ignatius Conan Doyle wazalwa ngoMeyi 22, 1859 e-11 Picardy Place, edolobheni laseScotland i-Edinburgh. Wakhulela emndenini wamaKhatholika ase-Ireland owazinikela ngokugcwele ekudwebeni nasekufanekiseni.. Umkhulu wakhe kanye nomalume kayise baphishekela imisebenzi emikhulu kule ndawo, kuyilapho uyise, uCharles Altamont Doyle, ezinikele ekwakhiweni kwemisebenzi yomphakathi.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, unina, uMary Foley, wayeyingxube efuna ukwazi yomuntu wasekhaya owaphoqeleka ukuba ondle izingane zakhe futhi, ngesikhathi esifanayo, intokazi ethanda izincwadi. Ngokusobala, wayengumfundi okhuthele futhi engumxoxi wezindaba, futhi empeleni nguye owaqondisa uConan Doyle emhlabeni wezincwadi, emethula ezindabeni ezimkhuthazayo.
Isiteji seNyuvesi
Ngo-1868, futhi ngosizo lomalume bakhe, U-Arthur Conan Doyle wangena eStonyhurst Saint Mary's Hall School ye-oda leNhlangano kaJesu. Lesi sifunda sisendaweni yaseLancashire, eyayiyisikhungo sokulungiselela iStonyhurst College ehlonishwayo nekhethiwe, ayezongena kuyo ngemva kweminyaka emibili, ngo-1870. Wahlala lapho kwaze kwaba ngu-1875. Kamuva, wathuthela e-Austria.
Kuleli dolobha waqhubeka nemfundo yakhe esikoleni seNkampani kaJesu iStella Matutina, edolobheni laseFeldkirch. Ngo-1876 waqala iziqu zakhe zeMedicine eNyuvesi yase-Edinburgh. Kwakukule ndlu yezifundo lapho ahlangana khona nodokotela wezobunhloli uJoseph Bell, owaba ugqozi lomlingiswa wakhe odumile. USherlock Holmes.
Zonke izincwadi zika-Arthur Conan Doyle
Sherlock Holmes Stories
- Isifundo ku-Scarlet (1887);
- Uphawu Lwezine (1890);
- Izigigaba zikaSherlock Holmes - Izigigaba zikaSherlock Holmes (1891);
- Izikhumbuzo zikaSherlock Holmes (1892);
- I-Hound yaseBaskervilles (1901);
- Ukubuya kukaSherlock Holmes (1903);
- Umnsalo Wakhe Wokugcina (1908);
- Isigodi Sokwesaba (1914);
- Incwadi Yamacala kaSherlock Holmes - Ingobo yomlando kaSherlock Holmes (1924).
Amanoveli kaSolwazi Challenger
- Umhlaba Olahlekile (1912);
- Ibhande Lobuthi - Indawo enobuthi (1913);
- Izwe Lenkungu (1926);
- Lapho Izwe Limemeza (1928);
- Umshini Wokuhlakaza (1929).
Amanoveli omlando
- UMikha clarke (1888);
- Inkampani Emhlophe (1891);
- Isithunzi Esikhulu (1892);
- URodney itshe (1896);
- Umalume uBernac (1897);
- Izifundo eziyinqaba ezivela empilweni nokunye ukulandisa: Imibhalo ephelele yobugebengu beqiniso kaSir Arthur Conan Doyle - Izifundo Zemvelo (1901);
- Mnumzane Nigel (1906);
- Ukuxhashazwa kukaBrigadier Gerard (1896);
- I-Adventures kaBrigadier Gerard (1903);
- Umshado KaBrigadier (1910).
Eminye imisebenzi
- Indaba kaJ. Habakuk Jephson (1884);
- Imfihlakalo kaCloomber (1889);
- Inkampani yeGirdlestone (1890);
- UCaptain wePolestar nezinye izindaba (1890);
- Isilingo esikhulu seKeinplatz (1890);
- Izenzo zikaRaffles Haw (1891)
- Ngale Kwedolobha (1892);
- Isiqephu esingu-249 (1892);
- UJane Annie noma Umklomelo Wokuziphatha Okuhle (1893);
- Umngane Wami Umbulali kanye Nezinye Izimfihlakalo Nezigigaba (1893);
- I-parasite (1894);
- Izincwadi ZaseStark Munro (1895);
- Izingoma Zesenzo (1898);
- Inhlekelele yaseKorosko (1898);
- I-Duet - I-duet (1899);
- Impi Enkulu Yamabhunu (1900);
- Ifulegi Eliluhlaza Nezinye Izindaba Zempi Nezemidlalo (1900);
- Ngeveli (1907);
- Zungezisa Izindaba Zomlilo (1908);
- Ubugebengu BaseCongo (1909);
- Igalari Elahlekile (1911);
- Ukwesaba kweBlue John Gap (1912);
- Ukwesabeka KwaseKuphakameni (1913);
- Umkhankaso WaseBrithani eFrance naseFlanders: 1914 (1916);
- Ingozi! kanye Nezinye Izindaba (1918);
- Isambulo Esisha (1918);
- Umlayezo Obalulekile (1919);
- Izinganekwane zobumnyama nezingabonakali (1919);
- Ukuza Kwezinganekwane - Imfihlakalo yama-fairies (1921);
- Tales of Terror & Mystery (1923);
- Izinkumbulo Nezigigaba (1924);
- Udokotela Omnyama kanye Nezinye Izinganekwane Zobushokobezi Nezimfihlakalo (1925);
- Izenzo Zokaputeni uSharkey (1925);
- Indoda ka-Arkángel (1925);
- Umlando Wezomoya (1926);
- Umgodi WaseMaracot (1929);
- Ubusika Bethu Base-Afrika Ubusika bakithi base-Afrika (1929).
Imisebenzi ephawuleka kakhulu ka-Arthur Conan Doyle
Isifundo ku-Scarlet (1887)
Lena inoveli yokuqala ehlanganisa umphenyi oyisakhiwo sodumo uSherlock Holmes kanye nomngane wakhe ongahlukaniseki, uDkt. John Watson. Indaba iqala lapho uWatson, udokotela wamasosha osewathatha umhlalaphansi, efuna indawo yokuhlala eLondon. futhi uhlangana noHolmes, umphenyi oyimfundamakhwela ongaziwa futhi ohlakaniphile, anquma ukuhlala naye efulethini eku-221B Baker Street.
Maduze, UWatson udonswa emhlabeni kaHolmes othakazelisayo lapho iScotland Yard icela usizo lwakhe. ukuxazulula icala elingaqondakali: ukutholakala kwesidumbu endlini elahliwe, ngaphandle kwezimpawu ezicacile zobudlova, kodwa ngegama elithi "RACHE" - "impindiselo" ngesiJalimane - ebhalwe ngegazi odongeni. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi kuqhubeke, uphenyo olumangalisayo luyaqala.
Ucezu
«UHolmes wayengeyena umuntu ophila ngokuhlelekile; Wayenesizotha, ejwayele ukwenza imikhuba yakhe, wayengavamile ukulala ngemva kwehora leshumi ebusuku, lapho ngivuka, wayesephumile endlini ngemva kokudla ukudla kwasekuseni. "Wachitha usuku phakathi kwelabhorethri yamakhemikhali kanye negumbi lokuhlinza, futhi ngezinye izikhathi wayethatha uhambo olude, cishe njalo emaphethelweni edolobha."
Uphawu Lwezine (1890)
Itulo liqala lapho uMary Morstan, intokazi egcwele izimpicabadala, eya eHolmes ukuze ayothola usizo.. Eminyakeni eyishumi edlule, uyise wanyamalala ngendlela engaqondakali, futhi kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, uye wathola iparele eliyigugu minyaka yonke elithunyelwa ngumuntu angamazi. Manje, ubizelwe umhlangano othembisa ukuveza iqiniso ngalezi zenzakalo.
U-Holmes, ehlatshwe umxhwele yileli cala, wembula iwebhu eyinkimbinkimbi yezimfihlo ehlanganisa ingcebo elahlekile, isivumelwano phakathi kwabakhi bozungu abane, kanye nesikhathi esidlule samakoloni eNdiya. Uphenyo luthatha i-duo ukuthi izule ezindaweni ezimnyama kakhulu zaseLondon, ebhekene nokujaha emfuleni iThames, isigebengu esingenaluzwela, kanye nentaba yezinkomba ezingaxazululwa wungqondongqondo kaHolmes kuphela.
Ucezu
«USherlock Holmes wathatha ibhodlela eshalofini kanye nesirinji ye-hypodermic ecaleni lalo. Ngeminwe yakhe emide, emhlophe, enovalo, walungisa inaliti ethambile futhi esonga umkhono wesokunxele wehembe lakhe. Okwesikhashana amehlo akhe ahlezi ecabanga engalweni yakhe enemisipha, egcwele amabala nezibazi ezingenakubalwa, ezibangelwa ukujova njalo.
I-Hound yaseBaskervilles (1901-1902)
Indaba iqala lapho uDkt. Mortimer ecela usizo lukaHolmes ukuze avikele uSir Henry Baskerville., indlalifa yokugcina yomkhaya ephawulwe ngesiqalekiso sasendulo. Ngokusho kwenganekwane, i-hound yamademoni ithungatha ama-Baskervilles njengesijeziso sezono zedlozi.
Isenzo sidlulela ezindaweni ezinethunzi zaseDartmoor, lapho u-Watson ehlala khona ukuze abheke uSir Henry ngenkathi uHolmes esebenza ethunzini. Izinto eziphazamisayo ziyanqwabelana: imisindo yasebusuku, izibalo zesipoki kanye nenja yesihogo ebonakala ingokoqobo ngaphezu kokuba isizathu sivuma.
Njengoba le mpicabadala yembulwa, uHolmes ubonisa ukuthi ngisho nezinkolelo-ze ezesabekayo zingaba nezimpande ezenzweni zomuntu zokuhaha nokuziphindiselela. Ngesiphetho esishaqisayo, I-hound yebaskerville kuwumsebenzi wobuciko ohlanganisa ukungabaza kohlobo lwamaphoyisa nesimo se-gothic esingasoze salibaleka.
Ucezu
"Ake ungitshele, Watson, uthathani emobeni yesivakashi sethu?" Njengoba ishwa lalisho ukuthi asizange siqondane naye, futhi njengoba singenawo nomncane umqondo wenjongo yakhe, lesi sikhumbuzo esivamile sithatha ukubaluleka. Ake sibone ukuthi uyimela kanjani indoda ngokuhlola induku.
Isigodi Sokwesaba (1915)
Isigodi sokwesaba Yinoveli yesine neyokugcina ngo Sherlock Holmes, lapho umseshi odume kakhulu ku-Baker Street ubhekene necala lapho okwedlule nokwamanje kuhlangana ngendlela ephazamisayo. Indaba iqala lapho uHolmes ethola umlayezo oyimfihlo omyisa eBirlstone mansion, lapho kwenzeke khona ukubulala ngesihluku.
Isisulu, uMnu. Douglas ongaqondakali, kubonakala sengathi ubezisulu zobugebengu obugcwele imininingwane edidayo. Njengoba uHolmes noDkt. Watson bephenya, Itulo lembula ukuxhumana nesikhathi esidlule esimnyama esigodini esikude e-United States., lapho umphakathi wezimfihlo ononya owaziwa ngokuthi "uMolly Maguires" wenze uvalo.
Ucezu
"Ishwa alikho eqinisweni lokukhohliswa, kodwa ukungakwazi ukuthemba muntu."
