Imilolozelo nezinganekwane zika-Bécquer

Ngiyaqiniseka ukuthi uke wezwa ngencwadi kaBécquer , ethi Rhymes and Legends, izikhathi ezingaphezu kwesisodwa . Kungenzeka ukuthi kwadingeka uyifunde esikoleni noma esikoleni samabanga aphezulu. Noma uhlaziye ezinye zezinkondlo ekilasini, akunjalo?

Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi uzwile ngayo noma yintsha kuwe, ngezansi sizokunikeza ukuqonda okuncane mayelana nencwadi, lokho okutholayo kuyo, nokuthi kungani ibaluleke kangaka. Sikumema ukuba uyifunde.

Wayengubani uGustavo Adolfo Bécquer

UGustavo Adolfo Bécquer , noma uBécquer, njengoba aziwa kanjalo, wazalelwa eSeville ngo-1836. Ungowozalo lwaseFrance (ngoba abazali bakhe bavela enyakatho yeFrance baya e-Andalusia ngekhulu le-16), ubhekwa njengomunye wezimbongi zaseSpain ezinhle kakhulu ezake zaba khona kuleli zwe.

Wayeyintandane esemncane kakhulu, eneminyaka engu-10 nje kuphela. Wayefunda eColegio de San Telmo kwaze kwaba yilapho yavalwa. Kungaleso sikhathi lapho unkulunkulu wakhe, uManuela Monahay wamamukela khona. Nguye owafaka kuye uthando lokuhaya izinkondlo kwazise kusukela ebuntwaneni ukufunda izimbongi zothando kwakusosukwini lwakhe nosuku. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, lapho ngineminyaka engu-12, wakwazi ukubhala Ode ekufeni Don Alberto Lisa.

Wayengumuntu onethalente eliningi , njengoba ayefunda esikoleni samabanga aphezulu eSeville ngesikhathi esifanayo efunda nokudweba eshabhu likamalume wakhe. Kodwa-ke, ekugcineni kwaba ngumfowabo uValeriano owaba ngumdwebi.

UBécquer wanquma ngo-1854 ukuya eMadrid eyofuna umsebenzi ohlobene nezincwadi, njengoba kwakuyisifiso sakhe sangempela. Nokho wehluleka kwadingeka ukuthi azinikele ebuntathelini nakuba kwakungeyona neze into ayeyithanda.

Eminyakeni emine kamuva, ngo-1858, wagula kakhulu futhi, ngaleso sikhathi, wahlangana noJulia Espín. Eqinisweni, phakathi kuka-1858 no-1861 bobabili u-Julia Espín no-Elisa Guillem babengabesifazane ababili "abathandana" nembongi. Kodwa akuzange kuhlale isikhathi eside ngoba ngalowo nyaka odlule washada noCasta Esteban, indodakazi kadokotela futhi anezingane ezimbalwa. Yiqiniso, wamshiya ngemva kweminyaka eminingi lapho ethola ukuthi wayengathembekile nesoka lakhe elidala.

Wabhekana nobunzima obukhulu bezezimali, ikakhulukazi ngemva kokushiya konke wathuthela eToledo nomfowabo uValeriano nezingane zabo. Kodwa ngo-1869, umuntu owayemthanda, u-Eduardo Gasset, wamthinta ukuze abuyele eMadrid njengomhleli wephephandaba i-La Ilustración de Madrid. Laqala ukushicilelwa ngo-1870, kodwa ishwa laphinde laphinde lafika lapho elahlekelwa umfowabo ngoSepthemba walowo nyaka. Ezinyangeni ezintathu kamuva, ngoDisemba 22, 1870, uGustavo Adolfo Bécquer washona ngenxa ye-pneumonia ngenxa ye-hepatitis.

Ngenkathi i-Rimas y leyendas de Bécquer ishicilelwa

Iqiniso liwukuthi incwadi ethi Rimas y leyendas de Bécquer, eyanyatheliswa okokuqala ngqa, empeleni ayifani naleyo oyaziyo manje. Ikakhulukazi kusukela ngesikhathi ishicilelwa yayiqukethe amagama-ncazo ambalwa kakhulu.

Eqinisweni, lapho inyatheliswa ngo-1871, ngabangane bakhe abaqoqa izinganekwane nezinkondlo ngenhloso yokuqoqa imali yokusiza umfelokazi wakhe nezingane zakhe. Esikhundleni sokuyibiza ngokuthi i-Bécquer's Rhymes and Legends, bayiqamba ngokuthi i-Works. Ekuqaleni yanyatheliswa ngamavolumu amabili, kodwa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi yandiswa, futhi kusukela ohlelweni lwesihlanu kuqhubeke, yaqala ukuba namavolumu amathathu.

I-Rimas y leyendas iyingxenye yaluphi uhlobo lwemibhalo?

Nakuba incwadi ethi Rimas y leyendas de Bécquer yakhiwe izinkondlo nezindaba zephrozi, iqiniso liwukuthi ingena ohlotsheni lwezincwadi zezinkondlo.

Mingaki imilolozelo ekhona?

Ngaphakathi kwencwadi yokuqala kaBécquer ethi Rhymes and Legends, sithola izinkondlo ezingu-78 lapho ekwazi khona ukuveza imizwa eminingi esebenzisa ulimi oluseduze nolulula olunesakhiwo somculo esicishe sibe sezingeni eliphezulu . Manje, kunezinye eziningi, njengoba iqoqo liye landa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Ngokuqondene nesitayela sayo, ilula kakhulu futhi esikhundleni songwaqa, u-Bécquer uthanda i-assonance, eyisebenzisa ngokujwayelekile ezitameni ezidumile.

Eqenjini lemilolozelo, kunezindikimba ezine ezibalulekile esingazithola: izinkondlo, okuwukuhlanganisa phakathi kwezinkondlo nowesifazane; uthando; uthando lokudumazeka; kanye nothando olufanele.

Singasho ukuthi kwenza inguquko encane yothando, kusukela kokumsulwa kuya kokubi kakhulu lapho lulahlekile.

Encwadini, imilolozelo ibalwa ukusuka ku-I kuye ku-LXXXVI (1 kuya ku-86). Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuneminye imilolozelo, kuleli cala enezihloko, okuyilezi:

• Elisa.
• Sika izimbali.
• Sekuyasa.
• Ukuzulazula.
• Izipoki ezimnyama.
• Mina ngiwunyazi lwezulu.
• Awuzange uzizwe.
• Esekela isiphongo sami.
• Uma ukopisha isiphongo sakho.
• Yayingubani inyanga!
• Ngakhosela.
• Ukuthola.
• Lezo zikhalo.
• Umkhumbi olimayo.

Futhi izinganekwane?

Izinganekwane kule ncwadi zimbalwa kakhulu. Ngokukhethekile, sikhuluma ngezindaba ezingu-16, hhayi ezingashicilelwanga, ngoba empeleni zavela emaphephandabeni phakathi kuka-1858 no-1864, futhi kamuva zahlanganiswa.

Kulezi zinganekwane u-Bécquer unikeza lonke ithalente lakhe. Isakhiwo, ingqikithi, uhlobo lwemibhalo kanye nephrozi kuzenza zibe ngcono kakhulu azibhalile kanti nakuba le ndlela yokubhala yobunkondlo ibonakala, iqiniso liwukuthi abalingiswa, izingqikithi, izigcawu, njll. benza kube nokwenzeka isethi ephelele enencazelo nesakhiwo abambalwa ababhali abasizuzile kulelo zinga.

Ngokuqondile, amagama ezinganekwane ozozithola (manje sezingama-22) yilezi:

• U-Master Pérez Umculi.
• Amehlo aluhlaza.
• Umsebe weNyanga.
• Izinsuku ezintathu.
• I rose of passion.
• Isithembiso.
• Intaba yemiphefumulo.
• I-Miserere.
• Ukuthengiswa Kwamakati.
• Induna ephethe izandla ezibomvu.
• Isiphambano sikaDeveli.
• Isongo segolide.
• Kholwa kuNkulunkulu.
• UKristu wekhanda.
• Izwi lokuthula.
• I-gnome.
• Umhume we-mora.
• Isithembiso.
• Inyamazane emhlophe.
• Ukuqabula.
• I rose of passion.
• Indalo.

Ufundile izinganekwane zika-Rimas y de Bécquer? Ucabangani ngakho? Singathanda ukuzwa imibono yakho ngalo mbhali, ngakho-ke zizwe ukhululekile ukuphawula.