Izincwadi zesiSpanishi ziqala unyaka ngokugxila ku UFernando Aramburu kanye nenoveli yakhe entsha, uMaiteUkubuyela ngokuzimisela eZweni laseBasque kanye namanxeba avulekile odlame lobuphekula. Endaweni yokushicilela egcwele abantu abanamandla, umbhali wencwadi ethi Patria Kuphinde kubeke iLizwe laseBasque enkabeni yengxoxo yezincwadi neyokuziphatha.
Incwadi izofika ezitolo zezincwadi ngomhlaka-4 kuNdasa futhi isivele iyinto enye yezingoma ezintsha ezilindelwe kakhulu engxenyeni yokuqala yonyaka ngabafundi, abagxeki kanye nabathengisi bezincwadi. I-Aramburu ibuyela endaweni ayazi kahle: iminyaka lapho i-ETA yayisabulala khona, ukwesaba kwansuku zonke kanye nokungezwani okwakukhona emindenini nasemphakathini.
Ukubuyela ezinsukwini zokuthunjwa kukaMiguel Ángel Blanco
I-Maite yenzeka eSan Sebastián, ngoJulayi 1997Phakathi nezinsuku ezifanayo lapho i-ETA yathumba khona ilungu lekhansela lase-Ermua uMiguel Ángel Blanco futhi yakhipha isinqumo ngaphansi kosongo lokubulawa, lezo zinsuku ezine, ezaphawula uguquko emphakathini waseSpain, zisebenza njengesizinda somlando nesemizwa sale noveli.
Ngesikhathi izwe libukele ngokushaqeka njengoba ukuthunjwa kwenzeka, u-Aramburu uveza isenzo ngaphakathi kwezwe: Umama namadodakazi akhe amabili bahlala ndawonye efulethini laseSan Sebastián. Okwamanje, ukwesaba, intukuthelo, nokungaqiniseki kungena ezingxoxweni zethelevishini, emsakazweni, nasezitaladini. Abalingiswa abaphambili bayaxoxa, baphikisana, futhi bayasekelana, kodwa bayagwema ukusho ngokugcwele okwenzekayo ngaphandle kanye nalokho okubasindayo ngaphakathi.
Isifinyezo esikhishwe yiTusquets sigcizelela lo mehluko: izehlakalo zangempela zenzeka ngesikhathi esifanayo Impilo yangasese kaMaite, owesifazane ozwelayo nozwelaKodwa-ke, usalokhu ebhajwe ogibeni lwezingqungquthela, ukuzikhohlisa, kanye nokuthula okumvimbela ukuthi abhekane ngqo neqiniso lezepolitiki nelomuntu siqu.
Leli qhinga lokulandisa livumela umbhali ukuguqula isiqephu esibalulekile somlando wakamuva sibe umlando womndeniUkugxila akusekho nje ezitatimendeni, emibhikishweni, noma ezihlokweni zezindaba, kodwa endleleni lesi simo esicindezelayo esingena ngayo ekhishini, egumbini lokuphumula, emaphaseji endlu, kanye nobudlelwano phakathi komama namadodakazi.
Kusukela ku-"Patria" kuya ku-"Maite": ukuqhubeka noshintsho endaweni yonke yase-Aramburu
cunt MaiteUFernando Aramburu ubuyela esigabeni saseBasque kanye nokuzwakala kwe-ETA ngemuva komthelela wamazwe ngamazwe we Patria, okuye kwaba yimpumelelo enkulu yendaba yamuva yaseYurophuUma kuleyo noveli ehlola amashumi eminyaka ukuhlukana kwemindeni emibili edolobheni eliphawulwe ngokukhombana nangokuthula, manje usegxile ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ezibalulekile.
Kuzo zombili lezi zincwadi, ukukhathazeka kubonakala Indlela ubuphekula obabubonakala ngayo emkhakheni wangaseseLe filimu ihlola izingqikithi zokucindezeleka komphakathi, ukwesaba ukukhuluma, amakhodi omakhelwane angabhalwanga, ubungane obuphukile, kanye nokwethembeka okungqubuzanayo. Kodwa kulokhu, i-Aramburu ikhetha isakhiwo esiqinile, cishe njengesithombe sekhamera esingashintshi sendlu eSan Sebastián ngesikhathi esibucayi.
Ukukhetha ukuthunjwa kukaMiguel Ángel Blanco njengesisulu kwakungeyona ingozi. Lobo bugebengu bavusa ukusabela okukhulu emigwaqweni kulo lonke elaseSpainNjengoba imibhikisho, imihlangano, kanye nemibhikisho eqhumayo kusakhunjulwa njengendawo yokuguquka ekulweni ne-ETA, i-Aramburu ibamba lesi simo sokuphazamiseka futhi isihlunge ngeso lomndeni obuka, olalelayo, futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo ozama ukungaboni konke.
Le nhlanganisela ye inkumbulo yomlando kanye nokuhlola okujulile izixhumanisi eziya ku- esinye sezici ezichazayo zombhali: ukuxoxa indaba yobudlova hhayi nje ngamaqiniso, kodwa nangezimpawu ezishiyayo ezithombeni zansuku zonke, ezingxoxweni ezingakhulunywanga kahle kanye nasezintweni ezingashiwongo.
Umndeni owodwa, amazwi amathathu, nokuthula okuningi
Ingqikithi yenoveli iqukethe: UMaite, udadewabo u-Elene, kanye nonina waboNgesikhathi umyeni kaMaite kuthiwa engekho ohambweni lwebhizinisi, u-Elene ubuyela edolobheni ngemuva kokuchitha iminyaka e-United States futhi usebenzisa leli thuba ukuvakashela unina, ohlushwa yisifo sohlangothi. Lokhu kuhlangana kabusha kuphoqa abesifazane abathathu ukuba babelane ngesikhala nesikhathi njengoba nje lonke izwe libambe umoya.
Ukusuka lapho, u-Aramburu ubhala indaba lapho Ukuhlalisana ndawonye kwakheka yilokho okungashiwongo.Abalingiswa abaphambili bayagwema ukutshelana lonke iqiniso, kokubili ngezimpilo zabo kanye nalokho abakucabangayo ngesimo sezepolitiki. Izingxoxo ziyaphazanyiswa, izihloko ziyagwenywa, futhi imisho ishiywa ingaqedwanga, okubonisa ingxube yothando, ukwesaba, kanye nokukhathala abaningi abakukhumbulayo kusukela kuleyo minyaka.
UMaite uchazwa njengo Owesifazane ocabangelayo nozwela, kodwa olawulwa yindawo akuyoAkantuli ukuzwela noma ukuqonda, kodwa akanayo inkululeko ethile yangaphakathi yokubuza obala isimo esimzungezile. Lokhu kungezwani phakathi kwalokho akubonayo nalokho azivumela ukuba akuvume kungenye yezinto ezishukumisa ngokomzwelo zale ncwadi.
U-Elene, yena, ufika enombono ohlukile, ophawulwa yisipiliyoni sakhe kwamanye amazwe kanye nebanga elibonakalayo ukusuka empini yaseBasque. Ukubuya kwakhe kuletha amanxeba omndeni amadala obala futhi kuqhuma izinhlansi endlini lapho ukugula komama nesimo sezombusazwe kusebenza njengesizinda esihlala njalo.
Umama, ebuthakathaka ngemva kokuhlaselwa yisifo sohlangothi, umelela kakhulu isizukulwane esiphile amashumi eminyaka ngokwesaba nokuphelelwa yithembaUkuba khona kwayo, okuvame ukungabi namsindo, kusebenza njengesikhumbuzo sesikhathi eside lapho ubudlova babuyingxenye yesimo esivamile samadolobha amaningi aseBasque.
Inkumbulo yakamuva kanye nengxoxo yomphakathi eSpain naseYurophu
Ukwethulwa kwe Maite Kwenzeka ngesikhathi lapho Inkumbulo yobuphekula eSpain iyaqhubeka nokuba yindaba yengxoxo yezepolitiki, yezindaba kanye neyezenhlaloInganekwane ka-Aramburu iphinde ingenelela kule mpikiswano, hhayi kusukela endabeni noma emlandweni, kodwa ngabalingiswa abaqondile abaphoqa umfundi ukuba azibeke endaweni yakhe, ngokungabaza nokuphikisana kwakhe.
Ngokwesimo saseYurophu, umsebenzi uhilela ingxoxo no Ezinye izindaba zibhekane nodlame lwezepolitiki kanye nosizi oluhlangeneKusukela ezincwadini zase-Ireland mayelana nengxabano e-Ulster kuya kumanoveli abuke amaBalkans noma ubuphekula bamaSulumane, icala le-ETA nemiphumela yalo liyaqhubeka nokukhiqiza isithakazelo ngaphandle kweSpain, ikakhulukazi ngenxa yokusatshalaliswa komhlaba wonke kwe- Patria y ukuzivumelanisa nezimo kwabo.
Ukushicilelwa kwe- Maite Lokhu kunezela engxenyeni yokuqala yonyaka lapho imakethe yokushicilela yaseYurophu izobona khona Imisebenzi emisha yababhali abafana noSalman Rushdie, u-Emmanuel Carrère, noPierre LemaitreKodwa mincane imisebenzi emisha exhumana ngqo neqiniso lomlando wezwe elithile njengoba kwenza inoveli entsha ka-Aramburu ngomphakathi waseSpain.
Abashicileli kanye nabezindaba babeke le ncwadi phakathi ukubheja okukhulu kwesizini ezweni lamaHispanicLokhu kubalulekile ngenxa yobukhulu bombhali kanye nokubaluleka okuqhubekayo kwendaba. Akuyona nje indaba ephathelene no-1997, kodwa futhi nokuzindla ngendlela esibheka ngayo leyo minyaka namuhla nokuthi inkumbulo kaMiguel Ángel Blanco isenayo yini engqondweni yabantu bonke.
I-Aramburu ebalazweni lezincwadi lika-2026
Ngaphakathi kwekhalenda lokuhlela lesemester yokuqala, UFernando Aramburu wabelana ngokugqama namagama amaningana ahamba phambili eSpain naseYurophu, kodwa ukuba khona kwayo kuphawuleka kakhulu ezinhlokweni zezinkampani ezinkulu zokushicilela eziseBarcelona naseMadrid. Izibikezelo ezivela ezitolo zezincwadi kanye nezithasiselo zamasiko zibonisa ukuthi Maite Kuzoba ngesinye sezihloko eziyinhloko ematafuleni okukhishwa okusha kanye nasemakilabhini ezincwadi.
Ukubuya kwakhe kuhambisana futhi umzuzu wokubonakala okukhethekile kwendaba yaseSpainNgenxa yababhali ababeke izindaba zasendaweni ezingxoxweni zamazwe ngamazwe, u-Aramburu uphinde anikeze umbono wakhe wezincwadi ngezwe laseBasque kanye nenkumbulo yobuphekula, eqinisa isikhundla sakhe njengomunye wababhali bamanoveli baseSpain abafundwa kakhulu ngaphakathi nangaphandle kwezwe.
Amathemba abunjwa yinkumbulo yokwamukelwa Patriakodwa futhi ngenxa yesithakazelo sokuqinisekisa Umbhali manje usondela kanjani esiqeshini esithile nesinamandla kakhulu ngokomfanekiso? njengokuthunjwa kukaMiguel Ángel Blanco. Ukukhethwa kwendaba egxile emndenini owodwa kanye nezinsuku ezimbalwa kusikisela ukuhlola isimo sokuziphatha salezo zikhathi ngendlela encane kakhulu, kodwa engenzima kangako.
Ngokungafani nezinye intuthuko ezinkulu zomhlaba wonke ezikhomba ezimweni ezahlukahlukene—kusukela eRussia yekhulu lama-20 kuya ezingxabanweni zanamuhla noma ezindabeni ezingezona ezendabuko—, UMaite ubheka emuva emigwaqweni, ezindlini nasezingxoxweni zezwe laseBasque kwenye yezindawo ezishubile kakhulu emlandweni wakamuva waseSpain.
Isimemezelo senoveli siqinisekisa ukuthi U-Aramburu uzoqhubeka nokuba yizwi elibalulekile uma kukhulunywa ngokulandisa inkathi ye-ETA ngesimo sokubhala. kanye nemiphumela yayo engokomzwelo neyomphakathi. Ukuhlanganiswa kwenkumbulo yomlando, ukungqubuzana okuseduze, kanye nabalingiswa abanolwazi olujulile kuthembisa isahluko esisha emsebenzini wombhali owenze iBasque Country yaba ngenye yezindawo ezinhle kakhulu zokubhala zaseYurophu zaleli khulu leminyaka.
