Umkhakha wezincwadi ezixakile ezweni lakithi ubhekene nesikhathi esifiselekayo sokuphila, okubonisa ukuthi ubugebengu nezindaba zabaseshi azilahlekelwanga amandla azo okuthakazelisa. Imiklomelo, imikhosi kanye namazwi amasha ahlanganisa inoveli yobugebengu eSpain noma ngokushicilela okukhishwe okuphezulu kumashadi okuthengisa, umphakathi waseSpain uyaqhubeka befuna izimpendulo zezimfihlakalo ezimnyama kakhulu womphakathi wethu wanamuhla.
Lokhu kuthakasela ubugebengu akugcini nje ekuxazululeni icala; kuye kwahlukahluka kwaba yizici eziningi, kusukela ezindleleni ezithembekile kakhulu kuya ezindleleni ezikhululekile kakhulu. Abafundi bafuna izindaba ezinesizinda sokuxhumana nabantulapho abalingiswa bebonisa khona amanxeba abo futhi indawo ezungezile iba ngomunye umlingiswa oyinhloko wendaba, okunikeza iqiniso elidingeka kakhulu ekhasini ngalinye.
I-Segre de Negre: iminyaka eyishumi yobugebengu eLleida
Idolobha laseLleida lisanda kuba yindawo ephambili yalolu hlobo ngenxa yohlelo lweshumi lwe-El Segre de Negre, umcimbi othengise okuningi okunikezwayo. Ngaphansi kokuqondiswa kwabahleli be-Pagès kanye nokusekelwa kwezikhungo zasendaweni, lo mkhosi ukhonze ukubuyisa indawo yaseLleida njengendawo yokubhala izinga eliphezulu, okufakazela ukuthi awudingi ukuya ezinhloko-dolobha ezinkulu zaseYurophu ukuze uthole izimfihlakalo zekhwalithi.
Ngesikhathi somkhosi, izinkambo zemidlalo yaseshashalazini ezingosini ezesabekayo zedolobha kanye namatafula ayindilinga ezindaweni ezifanekisayo njengeMuseu Morera zivumele ababhali abangoPep Coll, owine iPremi Trajectòria, ukuthi babelane ngemibono yabo nabalandeli. Abahleli bagcizelele ukuthi Ukwamukelwa yizilaleli zomndeni kube kuhle kakhuluikakhulukazi ngemisebenzi yabaseshi yabancane, okuqinisekisa ukudluliselwa kwezizukulwane zohlobo lomdlalo oluphila kakhulu kunanini ngaphambili.
Umkhuba ongenakuvinjelwa 'wobugebengu obukhululekile' kanye nemfihlakalo engenagazi
Ngokungafani nobudlova obusobala obuvame kwezinye izinhlobo, uhlobo olubizwa ngokuthi 'ubugebengu obukhululekile' luvele ngamandla angakaze abonwe, luphakamisa ukuxazulula ukubulala ngendlela ekhetheke kakhulu, futhi kungani ungakusho, ngokuhlekisa. Lezi zindaba, ezithathwe ngqo efeni lika-Agatha Christie, zisethula ku- abaphenyi abasafufusa ezindaweni ezijabulisayo lapho ubuhlakani bengqondo kanye nokubamba iqhaza okusebenzayo komfundi ukuze kuhlanganiswe izingcezu zephazili kubaluleke kakhulu.
Kule ndawo, sithola intuthuko entsha kusukela ku- izindaba ezifana ne-Black Sheep ezibekwe e-Agüimes Ngisho neNdlovukazi u-Elizabeth II uqobo lwakhe exazulula izinkinga zezombusazwe ngesikhathi seMpi Yomshoshaphansi. Ababhali abanjengoLeonie Swann, uSJ Bennett, kanye noJonas Jonasson ongumakadebona bayakufakazela lokho Amahlaya nobugebengu kungahambisana ndawonye Ifanelana kahle emashalofini, inikeza indawo yokukhosela enobungane ekucindezelekeni kwezwe langempela ngaphandle kokudela icebo elakhiwe kahle.
Izincwadi ezintsha: kusukela ezigodlweni zaseMadrid kuya emthunzini waseSan Sebastián
Uma sikhuluma ngezincwadi ezintsha ezinamandla, asikwazi ukungakunaki ukubuya kukaMarÃa Oruña nendaba esethwe ezweni lobuciko kanye nokuphangwa kwezincwadi emphakathini ophakeme. Emsebenzini wakhe wakamuva, umbhali usiyisa eMadrid edumile lapho igumbi lezimanga ligcwele igaziukuphoqa abalingiswa abangalindelekile ukuba babambisane ukuze bahlanze igama lakhe. Kuyisibonelo esiphelele sendlela ababhali be-thriller baseSpain abaqhubeka ngayo nokuhlola izilungiselelo eziyinkimbinkimbi ukuze badonsele umfundi kusukela esahlukweni sokuqala.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, i-geography yaseSpain iyaqhubeka nokuba umthombo ongapheli wokuphefumulela izindaba ezingakaqalwa nezicatshangelwayo. Kusukela eSan Sebastián, u-Antonia Lassa usithatha ohambweni oluya emathuneni nasezindaweni zokungcwaba zomndeni sifuna ubulungiswa obuzosisiza. kufiphaza umngcele phakathi kwezisulu nabenzi bobubiNgakolunye uhlangothi, uFernando Repiso usifaka esihogweni somuntu siqu somhloli eSeville, ebhekene nezihloko ezinjengobuzenzisi nenzondo ku- umkhosi wezincwadi zobugebengu eSeville okungashiyi muntu engenandaba futhi okudala umsindo omkhulu ngesibindi sayo sokulandisa.
Esiteji samazwe ngamazwe, ukufika kwamacala amasha abalingiswa abadumile kakade kuyaphawuleka. Umhloli uWalter Andretti ka-Antonio Manzini kanye neqembu likaDante noColomba lika-Italian Sandrone Dazieri bathembisa amahora amaningi okucindezeleka okwandayo. Le misebenzi, kanye nokubuya kwabaculi abanjengoHarlan Coben noJohn Connolly, kuqinisekisa ukuthi IYurophu isalokhu iyisizinda samathalente amnyamalapho inkohlakalo yezepolitiki, izimfihlo zesikhathi esidlule, kanye nokusebenza kwengqondo kobugebengu kuhlangana khona ukuze kudalwe izindaba eziluthayo ezingafundwa ngesikhathi esisodwa.
Ifa lezincwadi zakudala kanye nokufaneleka okuhlala njalo kohlobo lwazo
Impumelelo yamanje ayinakuqondwa ngaphandle kokubheka emuva kubantu abanjengoDashiell Hammett, okuphila kwakhe njengomphenyi wangempela kwakhuthaza amanye amakhasi amahle kakhulu ezincwadi zaseMelika ezibhalwe phansi. Isitayela sakhe esiqondile kanye nombono wakhe ongabazayo ngezikhungo kusabalulekile. ikhampasi yabalobi abaningi besimanje abafuna ukuveza iqiniso ngaphandle kokufaka ushukela. Ukufunda kabusha imisebenzi yabo noma ukuthola izinto ezimangalisayo ezivela emlandweni wabo kuhlale kuyisenzo esidingekayo ukuze baqonde ukuthi kungani uhlobo lobugebengu lungapheli isitayela.
Ezweni lakithi, kulungile futhi ukugqamisa amagugu anjengehlaya lezombusazwe likaWenceslao Fernández Flórez, owayesebenzisa ihlaya lobugebengu ekuqaleni kwawo-1930 ukugxeka ukonakala kohlelo. Le mibhalo isikhumbuza ukuthi Ubugebengu buvame ukuba uphawu izinkinga ezijulile kakhulu ezithinta wonke umphakathi. Ekugcineni, izindaba zobugebengu aziyona nje into yokuzijabulisa, kodwa ngezinye izikhathi ziyisibuko esingakhululekile lapho sizibona khona sibonakala njengeqembu.
Impilo yezindaba zobugebengu eSpain isekelwe kulokhu kulinganisela phakathi kokuhlonipha amakhosi esikhathi esidlule kanye nekhono lokusungula izinto ezintsha ngamafomula amasha njenge-'mystery ekhululekile' noma i-thriller yomphakathi. Njengoba kunemikhosi emisiwe eletha izincwadi emigwaqweni kanye nesizukulwane esisha sababhali abazimisele ukuthatha izingozi ngezindaba eziyinkimbinkimbi ngokwengeziwe, kusobala ukuthi Sinezimfihlakalo ezisigcina simatasa isikhashana. ezitolo zethu zezincwadi. Izinhlobonhlobo zezincwadi ziqinisekisa ukuthi wonke umfundi uzothola indlela yakhe edlula ethunzini, kungaba efuna isisombululo esimnene ngokumomotheka noma ebhekene nohlangothi olubi kakhulu nolungokoqobo lwesimo somuntu.
