Ukuvela kobuhlakani bokwenziwa obukhiqizayo kushintshe isimo sezincwadi eminyakeni embalwa nje. Lokho okwakubonakala sengathi yindaba eqanjiwe yesayensi manje sekuyinto ethinta ababhali, abahleli, nabafundi. Umbuzo awusekho ukuthi ngabe i-AI ingabhala yini, kodwa ukuthi kusho ukuthini ukuba ngumbhali uma umshini uhilelekile enkambisweni yokudala.
Impikiswano iqine kakhulu ngezifundo eziveza impikiswano: abafundi bakhetha ukucaca kwemibhalo eyenziwe nge-AI, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo, bayawazisa kakhulu umsebenzi uma bekholelwa ukuthi ungowesintu. Lokhu kuphikisana kubonisa ubunzima bobudlelwano obusenayo imithetho ecacile.
Indida yomfundi
Ucwaningo lwamuva nje, olufana nolwenziwe yiVillanova University, lubonisa ukuthi abafundi abakwazi ukuhlukanisa phakathi kwezindaba ezibhalwe ngabantu nalezo ezibhalwe yi-AI , kodwa banikeza izilinganiso eziphakeme kulabo abakholelwa ukuthi babhalwe ngabantu. Lokhu kubandlulula kuchazwa ukubandlulula ubuchwepheshe, yize abantu abaningi bejabulela imisebenzi eyenziwe ngomshini ngasese.
Uthisha uJosé Manuel Suárez Sandomingo, umongameli we-APEGA, uthi inzuzo enkulu yemibhalo ekhiqizwe yi-AI ukucaca kwayo: "Abantu bathambekela kulokho okusheshayo, okushesha, okulula ukukufunda." Kodwa-ke, lokhu kukhetha kungqubuzana nokungathembi okuvezwa ngabafundi abaningi ezinkundleni zokuxhumana, lapho bethi ngeke bathenge incwadi ebhalwe ngumshini.
Ukuphikisana kuyaxazululwa lapho umongo uhlaziywa: i-AI ikhiqiza imibhalo ephumelelayo, kodwa ayinayo imizwa kanye nomongo wezenhlalo ochaza ukubhala kwabantu. Njengoba umbhali uMaría Oruña esho, "akunakwenzeka nhlobo ukuthi i-AI yenze amaphutha namaphutha afanayo engiwenzayo, noma ibe nezindlela zokulandisa ezifanayo njengami."
Abalobi e-Crossroads
Umhlaba wezincwadi uhlukene phakathi. Abanye ababhali, njengososayensi wefiziksi nombhali u-Agustín Fernández Mallo, basebenzisa i-AI njengethuluzi lokucwaninga, kodwa baxwayisa ngezingozi zayo: "I-AI ikunika konke okulungiselelwe; awuthuthukisi amasu akho nezindlela zakho, ngakho ubuchopho bakho bugcina bungasasebenzi." Nokho, abanye bayakwenqaba ngokuphelele, bekholelwa ukuthi ukunikeza ukubhala emshinini kusho ukulahlekelwa yingqikithi yobuciko.
Phakathi kwalezi zimo ezimbili ezibucayi kukhona indawo engelutho. Abalobi abaningi basebenzisa i-AI ukubuyekeza, ukuhlela, noma ukunqoba ibhlogo lombhali , kodwa badweba umugqa uma kukhulunywa ngokudalwa kwezincwadi. Umbhali uMiguel Ángel Hernández uphikise ngokuthi amamodeli e-AI athambekele ekuhlanganiseni ulimi ngendlela efanayo, okungasusa ukuhlukahluka kwesitayela kanye nezinjabulo ezicashile ezitholwa ngababhali kuphela.
Lokhu kukhathazeka akukhona nje ubuhle. Ucwaningo olwenziwe yi-Australian Society of Authors luveze ukuthi ababhali abangu-87% abakagunyazi ukusetshenziswa kwemisebenzi yabo ukuqeqesha izinhlelo ze-AI, kanti abangu-89% besaba ukuthi la mathuluzi azokopisha isitayela sawo. Lokhu kukhathazeka kuholele ekumangaleleni izinkampani ezinkulu zobuchwepheshe ngamacala esigaba.
Ihlazo le-Anthropic
Icala elibi kakhulu yileli lika-Anthropic, inkampani ephethe i-Claude chatbot. Imibhalo yenkantolo ekhishwe esigabeni sayo yembula i-Project Panama , umsebenzi oyimfihlo wokuthenga, ukuskena, nokubhubhisa izigidi zezincwadi ezibonakalayo ukuze kuqeqeshwe amamodeli ayo. Le nkampani yathola amakhophi ezitolo zezincwadi ezisetshenzisiwe, yasika izinhlu zazo, futhi yafaka amakhasi edijithali ngaphambi kokuwathumela ukuze aphinde asetshenziswe.
Isu lihlose ukuthola imibhalo esezingeni eliphezulu, ehlelwe futhi ibukezwe ngabantu, ukuze kugwenywe "ukuwa kwemodeli" okwenzeka lapho kuqeqeshwa okuqukethwe okukhiqizwe yi-AI. Kodwa-ke, lo msebenzi wawuhlanganisa nokulanda izincwadi ezingaphezu kwezigidi eziyisikhombisa ezintshontshiwe ezindaweni zokugcina izincwadi ezifana ne-LibGen kanye ne-Pirate Library Mirror.
Icala laphela ngoSepthemba 2025 ngesivumelwano samaRandi ayizigidigidi eziyi-1.500, umklomelo we-copyright omkhulu kunayo yonke emlandweni. Inkantolo yanquma ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kwezincwadi ezitholwe ngokusemthethweni kuvikelwe ngaphansi kwemfundiso yokusebenzisa kahle, kodwa hhayi izinto eziphangiwe. Lesi sinqumo sibeka isibonelo kwezinye izinkampani ezifana ne-OpenAI, i-Google, ne-Meta , ezibhekene namacala afanayo.
Ikusasa lokubhala
Imboni yokushicilela isantula izimpendulo ezicacile. Ingabe abafundi kufanele baziswe uma incwadi isidalwe ngosizo lwe-AI? Umshini ungangenelela ngezinga elingakanani ngaphambi kokuba umsebenzi uyeke ukwenziwa ngabantu? Le mibuzo ihlukanisa ababhali, abashicileli nabafundi.
Okwamanje, ubuchwepheshe buyathuthuka futhi kuba nzima kakhulu ukububona. Abafundi bangase bathi abasoze bafunda incwadi ebhalwe yi-AI, kodwa mhlawumbe sebevele beyifundile ngaphandle kokuqaphela . Indida ukuthi, yize i-AI ilingisa ulimi, ayinayo inkumbulo kanye nokuphelela okunikeza incazelo ekudalweni kwabantu.
Umbhali u-Agustín Fernández Mallo ukufingqa ngesingathekiso: I-AI iyingelosi ewile, into enentando yayo esiyidalile, kodwa engenamzimba noma izibazi. Ngakho-ke, yize ingakhiqiza imibhalo ephelele, ngeke ikwazi ukudlula njengoba kwenza izincwadi zabantu. Isinqumo sokugcina silele kubafundi nabashicileli, okumele bachaze imingcele yaleli thuluzi elisha.
