USonallah Ibrahim ushone eCairo eneminyaka engama-88. ngenxa ye-pneumonia eyingozi, ngokusho kwemithombo esemthethweni ezweni. Umuntu obalulekile ekulandiseni kwama-Arab emashumini eminyaka amuva nje, igama lakhe lihlotshaniswa nomsebenzi ongakhathali ophawulwe ngokuqaphelisisa okungokoqobo kanye nokuzimela kobuhlakani obumelana nengcindezi.
Ngeminyaka engaphezu kwamashumi amahlanu yomsebenzi wokubhala, u-Ibrahim wahlanganisa ikhorasi leyo Wahlanganisa amadokhumentari kanye nezinganekwane ukuze abhekane nezingxabano zezenhlalo, zezombusazwe nezikhona.Umbono wakhe ohluzekile nobukhali wenza amanoveli akhe abe yireferensi yokuqonda umlando wakamuva waseGibhithe kanye, nokwengeza, umhlaba wama-Arab.
Impilo nokuqeqeshwa
Wazalwa ngo-1937 ngo Cairo, futhi ikhonjwe nalokho okubizwa ngokuthi "isizukulwane samashumi ayisithupha"U-Ibrahim wafunda eNyuvesi yaseCairo, lapho ajoyina khona iDemocratic Marxist Movement for National Liberation (DMLN). Ngasekupheleni kwawo-1950, waboshelwa imibono yakhe kwesokunxele kanye Wachitha iminyaka eminingi ejele waze wakhululwa ngo-1964, okuhlangenwe nakho okwakuyophawula ngokucacile izincwadi zakhe.
Ngemva kokuhamba kwakhe waqhubeka nezifundo zakhe phesheya: Cinema e-East Berlin kanye nobuntatheli eMoscowNgo-1974, wabuyela e-Egypt ukuze azinikele ngokugcwele ekubhaleni. Labo ababemazi bagcizelela ukuqina kwakhe nendlela yokuphila ehlakaniphile: Wayehlala efulethini elinesizotha endaweni yaseHeliópolis, empumalanga yenhloko-dolobha.
Ezinyangeni ezedlule ube nezinkinga zempilo. Ekuqaleni kukaMeyi wawa okwabangela ukuphuka kwentamo yesifazane. okwakudinga ukuhlinzwa kanye nokwelashwa e-Nasser Institute, isiqephu esalandelwa ukuwohloka okwagcina ngokuba nenyumoniya eyingozi.
Umsebenzi kanye nesitayela sokulandisa
Ukuqala kwakhe nge Leli phunga (1966) Kwaphawula inguquko emibhalweni yaseGibhithe: inoveli, egqugquzelwe ulwazi lombhali ngemva kokukhululwa kwakhe ejele, ekuqaleni yavinjelwa ngenxa yephimbo layo eliqinile nendlela yayo yokufisa, ukubhekwa kanye nokudideka kwansuku zonke.
Isihloko sakhe esaziwa kakhulu sithi Zaat (1992), ukubhuqa okuhlanganisa umlando wangaleso sikhathi waseGibhithe, kusukela ekuweni kobukhosi ngo-1952 kuya ku-neoliberalism yama-XNUMXs., ngempilo yowesifazane osezingeni eliphakathi. Umdlalo wenze wagxumela esikrinini esincane ngokuzijwayeza kwesikhathi sokuqala ngo-2013.
Ezinye izincwadi ezibalulekile ziqedela inqwaba yemizabalazo, ukungezwani kanye nezifiso esifundeni: IKomidi (1981), umfanekiso we-Kafkaesque mayelana nokuphatha kanye nokugada; I-Beirut Beirut (1984), ukubheka impi yombango yaseLebanon; USharaf (1997), abanye abalubeka phakathi kwamanoveli esi-Arabhu afaneleka kakhulu ngesikhathi sawo; I-Warda (2000), inkokhiso kumbono woguquko eYemen nase-Oman; noma Imfihlo (2007), i-autobiographical account of childhood phakathi neMpi Yezwe II. Kuyaphawuleka futhi Inkanyezi ka-August y INayile: Izinhlekelelekanye Izigqoko nezigqoko (2008), lapho axhumanisa khona isikhathi esedlule nesamanje eqala ngohambo lukaNapoleon.
Isitayela sakhe, se-prose eyomile nomculo ovinjelwe, ubonakala ngokuthi ukuhlanganiswa kweziqeshana, imibiko kanye nezisetshenziswa zobuntatheli ezisebenza njenge-counterweight to fiction. Le nqubo yamadokhumentari ikhulisa ubuqiniso futhi ibeka umfundi phakathi kokungqubuzana phakathi kwenkumbulo, ingobo yomlando, nokulandisa.
Ukwamukelwa kwamazwe ngamazwe komsebenzi wakhe kuye kwasimama. Yahunyushelwa olimini lwesiNgisi nesiFulentshi, futhi emhlabeni wamaSpanishi amanoveli akhe amaningana afinyelele emphakathini ofundayo: IKomidi (1991), Emfihlekweni (2013) kanye nokuthi Iphunga (2014), phakathi kwezinye izinhlelo.
Ukufinyeleleka komkhathi wakhe wokudala nakho kwavumela ama-crossovers nezinye izilimi. Ngo-2016, IKomidi lashintshwa njengenoveli enemifanekiso yombhali ongumFulentshi uThomas Azuélos, eletha ukugxeka kwakhe kumafomethi amasha nezethameli.
Ukuqashelwa kanye nokuma komphakathi
Kuwo wonke umsebenzi wakhe wathola imiklomelo yokubaluleka kwamazwe ngamazwe, phakathi kwabo U-Ibn Rushd Wokucabanga Kwamahhala (2004), the Umklomelo weCavafy futhi i Ghalib Halasa weJordanian Writers Union.
Nokho, ukuzimela kwayo kwakungaxoxiswana. Ngo-2003 Wenqaba umklomelo wenoveli kahulumeni uma kucatshangelwa ukuthi ayinakho ukusemthethweni nokuthi uHulumeni akazange amele izimfuno zezakhamizi, ecaphuna ukuqhubeka kwenxusa lakwa-Israel eCairo naphezu kokuhlaselwa ezindaweni ezithathwe ngesikhathi se-intifada yesibili.
Lesi senzo, esihambisana nomsebenzi wakhe womphakathi, siyingxenye yempilo ukugxeka ingcindezelo, ubushiqela nokungalinganiWabamba iqhaza emibhikishweni eyayizoholela ekupheleni kombuso kaHosni Mubarak.
Ukusabela komhlaba okusemthethweni namasiko
Ukushona kuka-Ibrahim kudale imiyalezo yenduduzo evela kuhulumeni kanye nomkhakha wamasiko. UNdunankulu, Mostafa Madbouli, waqokomisa ukuthi umsebenzi wakhe Wacebisa umtapo wezincwadi wama-Arabhu futhi waveza ngokwethembeka ukuphikisana kwezenhlalo..
UNgqongqoshe Wezamasiko, Ahmed Fuad Hanno, wakuchaza ngokuthi a insika yezincwadi zesimanje zesi-Arabhu, eqokomisa ubunjalo baphakade befa lakhe lezincwadi nelomuntu.
Ithonya namafa
U-Ibrahim waba yisithenjwa sezizukulwane ezimbalwa zababhali bama-Arabhu. Iphrozi yakhe encane, eyindida kanye nesezingeni lomgwaqo yashiya uphawu lwalo kubabhali abanjengo Alaa El Aswany, futhi yaba nesandla ekusunguleni indlela yokulandisa lapho okusondelene nezombusazwe kuhlangene ngaphandle kokuthatha isinyathelo.
Indawo yayo emlandweni wamasiko wekhulu lama-20 nelama-21 ihlotshaniswa nokuvikela inkululeko, ubuwena kanye nobulungiswa emphakathini. Izincwadi zakhe zihlala ziyisango elibalulekile baqonde ukuguquguquka kwezepolitiki namasiko eGibhithe naseMpumalanga Ephakathi, futhi uqhubeke nokuxoxisana neqiniso lamanje.
Ngokufa kwakhe, izwi elingakhululekile nelicacile liyashabalala, nakuba lingeyona innanela yalo: Umsebenzi uhlala, ukugqolozela kuhlala futhi indlela ihlala, leyo ndlela enesineke yokurekhoda kwansuku zonke ukuze kukhanyiselwe isakhiwo, eyasiza kakhulu ekufundeni isikhathi sayo futhi ezoqhubeka iqondisa abafundi nababhali eminyakeni ezayo.