Umlobi wase-Argentina USamanta Schweblin ube ngumnqobi wokuqala we-Aena Prize for Hispanic American Narrative ngenxa yencwadi yakhe yezindaba ezimfushane Okubi okuhleKushicilelwe nguSeix Barral. Lo mklomelo omusha, oqaphela umsebenzi osuvele ushicilelwe ezweni elikhuluma iSpanishi kanye nezilimi ezisemthethweni zoMbuso, usakazeka kakhulu emkhakheni wezincwadi ngenxa yemali yawo ephezulu: isigidi sama-euro sombhali ophumelele.
Emcimbini owawubanjelwe e Imyuziyamu Yezolwandle yaseBarcelonaEzinsukwini ezimbalwa ngaphambi koSuku lukaSant Jordi, isinqumo sejaji, esiholwa nguRosa Montero, siqinisekisile isimo sikaSchweblin njengomuntu othandwayo, owahlula abafinyelele kowamanqamu abane abasezingeni eliphezuluUHéctor Abad Faciolince, uNona Fernández, uMarcos Giralt Torrente, no-Enrique Vila-Matas banikezwe ama-euro angu-30.000 ngamunye. Unyaka wokuqala walo mklomelo uvuse intshiseko kanye nempikiswano eSpain naseLatin America ngenxa yomthelela wawo ongokomfanekiso, wezomnotho kanye nowezepolitiki.
Isigidi esisodwa sama-euro ngencwadi yezindaba ezimfushane
Ububi obuhle bunqobe ohlelweni lokuqala lwe-Aena Prize for Hispanic American Narrative.Lo mklomelo wenzelwe ukuqaphela umsebenzi omuhle kakhulu wezincwadi eziqanjiwe owanyatheliswa ngo-2025 ngeSpanishi noma ngezilimi ezisemthethweni futhi kamuva wahunyushwa. Ngokungafani neminye imiklomelo ehlonishwayo, awuhloselwe imibhalo yesandla engakashicilelwa, kodwa kunalokho uhloselwe izincwadi esezikhishwe emakethe yokushicilela.
Umsebenzi ophumelelayo uyinto Iqoqo lezindaba ezihlola imikhawulo yezinto zansuku zonke Futhi okungavamile, indawo lapho umbhali wase-Argentina ehambe khona kalula iminyaka eminingi. Incwadi iqala ngendaba kamama obopha isisindo emzimbeni wakhe, aziphonse echibini ehlose ukuzibulala, futhi, ngemva kokusinda kulo mzamo, ubuyela ekhaya ukuyolungisa isidlo sakusihlwa. Lokhu kungezwani phakathi kwekhaya kanye nokuphazamisayo kubeka isimo seqoqo elichazwe njengekhathalogi yangempela yesizungu kanye nobudlelwano obuphukile.
Ngokusho kukaSchweblin ngokwakhe, izindaba zika Okubi okuhle Zijikeleza embuzweni ofanayo: Amandla asizungezile—umndeni, umphakathi, nemiyalelo yamasiko—anquma kangakanani ukuthi singobani?Futhi uma kungenzeka, ukuphonsela inselelo lolo hlaka ukuze ulalele izifiso zakho. Abalingiswa badlula kulelo phuzu eliphukayo, lapho okuthile kungena empilweni yabo futhi kuvuleke ithuba lokushintsha, kube ngcono noma kube kubi.
Ijaji lemiklomelo ligcizelele ikhono lencwadi loku "Ukudala imihlaba emisha, ephazamisayo, ethakazelisayo, neyinkimbinkimbi" kanye nendlela umbhali ahlola ngayo “umngcele phakathi kokungenzeka nokungenakwenzeka ngephrozi ekhohlisayo.” Esinqumweni sabo, bachaza lo msebenzi “njengencwadi yobuhle obumangalisayo ebeka isiko lendaba emfushane esicongweni salo,” udumo olubeka ivolumu phakathi kwezincwadi ezimfushane zesimanje ezinhle kakhulu ngesiSpanishi.
"Ukuvuza okuhlukile": ukuqinisekiswa kwendaba emfushane
Esiteji seMaritime Museum, ethinteke ngokubonakalayo, USchweblin wabonga wonke umuntu ngomklomelo futhi wawuhumusha njengokusekela okucacile kwendaba emfushane.Uhlobo oluvame ukunganakwa emiklomelweni emikhulu yamazwe ngamazwe, evame ukugxila kakhulu kumanoveli. Uqaphele ukuthi, kulezo zindilinga, kuvamile ukuthi amanoveli aqashelwe ngokuphindaphindiwe, futhi ngezikhathi ezithile kuphela lapho amagama anjengo-Alice Munro noma uJhumpa Lahiri evele khona.
"Lo mklomelo uthatha isinyathelo sawo sokuqala ngokuvuza umuntu ohlukile.“Umbhali waphawula ezilalelini, egcizelela ukuthi ukukhetha incwadi yezindaba ezimfushane ukuze kuqalwe imiklomelo kusho “isimemezelo sezimiso.” Abaningi ababekhona bahumusha amazwi akhe njengokusekela indaba emfushane, ngokwesiko ebhekwa njengohlobo oluphansi emakethe, naphezu kokubaluleka kwayo emasikweni ezincwadi aseLatin America.
Umbhali usebenzise inkulumo yakhe ukugcizelela indima yezindaba ngezikhathi zokungazinzi komhlaba. Usebenzise isithombe esicacile kakhulu: isintu njenge umkhumbi omkhulu olwandle kanye nezincwadi njengesiqondiso esincane Akushintshi kangako indlela, kodwa njengoba izinsuku zihamba, kunquma ukuthi umuntu ufinyelela kuliphi izwekazi. Kubonakala sengathi wayesho lokhu, kodwa kuyithuluzi lokuqondisa ukubuka kweqembu.
Kwakukhona nendawo yokubonga umuntu ngamunye. USchweblin wakhuluma ngomndeni wakhe, owamfaka uthando lokufunda, futhi waqaphela ngokusobala ukuthi inyuvesi yomphakathi neyamahhala yaseBuenos AiresUbabonge abahleli bakhe, i-ejenti yakhe, kanye nozakwabo abanjengoNona Fernández, naye owayeseqophelweni lokugcina lomklomelo ofanayo, ngokumnikeza ukuqeqeshwa kwakhe okuningi kwezincwadi.
Nansi indlela umcimbi we-gala eBarcelona ohambe ngayo: phakathi kwebhizinisi lombukiso kanye nezepolitiki eziphakeme
Kunokuba kube umcimbi oyimfihlo, I-gala yokuqala ye-Aena Prize for Hispanic American Narrative ikhethe ifomethi efana nombukiso.I-Museu Marítim de Barcelona, enezinsika zayo ze-Gothic, yaguqulwa yaba uhlobo lwesiteji esinezindawo ezinhlanu ze-scenegraphic eziphefumulelwe yincwadi ngayinye yokugcina: amakamelo angcolile, amabhodlela angenalutho, izilwane ezigcwele, izinto zansuku zonke eziguqulwe zaba izimpawu zomhlaba wonke wezincwadi odlalwayo.
Isethulo sanikezwa umbhangqwana ongavamile walolu hlobo lomcimbi: owayengumodeli kanye nomethuli uMartina Klein kanye nentatheli uJosep Cuní. Ithoni yakusihlwa yayishintshashintsha phakathi komcimbi wemiklomelo yamafilimu nombukiso wobuciko bokudlala.ngomculo obukhoma, imidlalo yaseshashalazini kanye nemvilophu eluhlaza — enegama lomnqobi — ekhonjiswe eqophelweni lesikhathi esiningi sesidlo sakusihlwa ukuze kwakheke ukucindezeleka.
Phakathi kwezingcezu zesiteji ezikhulunywa kakhulu kwakuyi-monologue ebhalwe ngumbhali wemidlalo u-Alda Lozano futhi yadlalwa ngumlingisi uNieves Soria, owavusa uJosefina, ugogo kaMarcos Giralt Torrente ngo-1998. Ama-IllusionistsIncwadi kaSchweblin yaphefumulela Ukwakhiwa kwepiyano okwenziwe ngu-Álex GassentKhonamanjalo, umlingisi nombhali wemidlalo uLola Blasco wadlala njengoRyo, indodakazi yomlingiswa oyinhloko, eqoqweni lokudlala. Ikhamera yeCanon obscurangu-Enrique Vila-Matas.
U-Chile Nona Fernandez kanye noveli yakhe UMarciano Babekhona ngesikhathi kudwetshwa bukhoma nguPatricio Hidalgo ephelezelwa yizwi lomlingisi waseChile nomqondisi uBenjamin Leiter, owaletha uMlawuli uRamiro, umuntu oyinhloko wencwadi, esiteji. Umculi womdanso wase-Ukraine u-Alina Sokulska, yena, wanikeza i- ingoma yomdanso ephefumulelwe yimpi yase-Ukraine, i-axis yokulandisa Manje nangehora, umsebenzi kaHéctor Abad Faciolince.
Ukusekelwa kwezikhungo bekumangalisa: USalvador Illa, umongameli we-Generalitat, ube khona kanye nomeya waseBarcelona, uJaume Collboni, kanye noNgqongqoshe Wezimboni Nezokuvakasha, uJordi Hereu.Kwakukhona noNgqongqoshe Wezamasiko, uSònia Hernández, kanye nabantu abaningi abavela emhlabeni wezincwadi nabezindaba, kusukela ku-Arturo Pérez-Reverte noCarme Riera kuya kuNajat El Hachmi noRosa María Calaf. UNgqongqoshe Wezokuthutha, u-Óscar Puente, omnyango wakhe uqondisa inkampani, ekugcineni akazange abe khona, naphezu kokumenyezelwa njengesimenywa.
Ijaji lamazwe ngamazwe kanye nabantu abane abafinyelele kowamanqamu abane-euro ezingu-30.000
Isinqumo esathwesa uSchweblin umqhele sasisezandleni zomuntu ijaji elinamalungu ayisishiyagalombili elinobukhona obuqinile baseSpain nabaseLatin AmericaIhhovisi likamongameli lawela kumlobi kanye nentatheli uRosa Montero, ephelezelwa uPilar Adón, Luis Alberto de Cuenca, Jorge Fernández Díaz, Leila Guerriero, José Carlos Llop, kanye no-Élmer Mendoza. Izintatheli nabagxeki uSergio Vila-Sanjuán kanye noJesús García Calero basebenze njengonobhala, ngezwi kodwa lingavoti.
Okulandelayo Okubi okuhle Izihloko ezine ezihlukene kakhulu zafika esigabeni sokugcina. Manje nangehorangu-Héctor Abad Faciolince (Alfaguara)Isekelwe kokuhlangenwe nakho kwakhe okuqondile e-Ukraine ngesikhathi sokuhlasela kweRussia kanye nomthelela wokushona komlobi wase-Ukraine uVictoria Amelina. Le ncwadi iphakathi kwenoveli, umlando wakhe siqu, kanye nombiko, onesici esiqinile sokuziphatha mayelana nendlela yokubuka nokulandisa impi.
UNona Fernández waseChile uncintisane no UMarciano (Izincwadi Ezingahleliwe Zendlu)Incwadi, ewumphumela weminyaka eminingi yokuvakashela ejele ukukhuluma noMauricio Hernández Norambuena, owaziwa nangokuthi uMlawuli uRamiro, umuntu obalulekile esikhathini esidlule saseChile, ihlola iphuzu lapho izimiso zenkululeko zingaholela khona odlameni oluhlomile futhi ihunyushwe njengesikhumbuzo esingajabulisi somlando wezepolitiki wezwe.
Umbhali waseSpain uMarcos Giralt Torrente ufinyelele kowamanqamu nge Ama-Illusionists (I-Anagram)Ukwakhiwa kabusha kozalo lwakhe olusekelwe ekuxhumaneni phakathi kukamkhulu wakhe, umbhali wenoveli uGonzalo Torrente Ballester, nomkakhe, uJosefina Malvido. Le ncwadi yethulwa njengokuhlolwa kwesidumbu somndeni okuhlanganisa ububele kanye nokuqhelelana okubucayi, lapho umbhali eziveza khona ngenkathi ehlola kabusha izibalo zabadala bakhe.
Owesine ofinyelele kowamanqamu ube Ikhamera yeCanon obscura (I-Seix Barral)Inoveli ka-Enrique Vila-Matas, ehlelwe eBarcelona enqotshwe yiDenver S. eyimfihlakalo, ilandela umlingiswa ozama ukuzakhela uhlu lwakhe lwezincwadi ngenkathi ebhekene nokuvela kabusha kwendodakazi yakhe. Abafundi bokuqala bancoma ukunemba kwayo kwesitayela kanye nenkululeko esemthethweni, ngokufunda okungasoze kwalahlekelwa umbono wamahlaya noma ukudlala okungenangqondo.
Ngamunye walaba babhali uthole ama-euro angu-30.000, ngaphezu kokwanda okukhulu kokubonakala. Kulindeleke ukuthi U-Aena uthenge izinkulungwane zamakhophi emisebenzi emihlanu ukuze ibasabalalise phakathi kwabasebenzi bayo abasakazeke kulo lonke elaseSpain, e-United Kingdom, eBrazil naseMexico, kanye nasemitatsheni yezincwadi, izikhungo zemfundo kanye nezindawo zamasiko ezindaweni lapho inkampani isebenza khona.
Ungubani uSamanta Schweblin futhi kungani igama lakhe laziwa emhlabeni wonke?
Ngale ndondo, uSamanta Schweblin uqinisa umsebenzi obelokhu uzihlanganisa emhlabeni wonke iminyaka eminingi. Wazalelwa eBuenos Aires ngo-1978 futhi useBerlin kusukela ngo-2012.Wafunda i-Image and Sound Design eNyuvesi yaseBuenos Aires futhi wathola ukuqeqeshwa kwezincwadi emihlanganweni yokufundisa eyayiholwa ababhali abanjengoDiego Paszkowski noLiliana Heker, esifundeni sokubhala esihlangene esasigxile kakhulu e-Argentina.
Umqulu wakhe wokuqala wezindaba ezimfushane, Umnyombo wokuphazamisekaYavela ekuqaleni kwawo-2000, ngemuva kokuwina umncintiswano kazwelonke weHaroldo Conti. Leso sicoco salandelwa yi Izinyoni emlonyeni y Izindlu eziyisikhombisa ezingenalutho, incwadi awina ngayo umklomelo wezindaba ezimfushane zomhlaba wonke iRibera del Duero futhi eminyakeni eminingi kamuva eyayizofanelekela umklomelo wezincwadi kazwelonke ngokuhunyushelwa kahle kakhulu esiNgisini.
Emkhakheni wenoveli, uSchweblin washicilela Ibanga lokusindisa —ofinyelele kowamanqamu kwi-International Booker Prize futhi walungiselelwa ifilimu kaClaudia Llosa— kanye AmaKentukisUphinde waqokwa kulo mklomelo ngenguqulo yawo yesiNgisi. Umsebenzi wakhe uhunyushwe ngezilimi eziningi futhi uvele ezincwadini ezihamba phambili ezifana ne- The New Yorker, Isibuyekezo saseParis, I-New York Times o Nikeza, okumenze waba ngomunye wamazwi avelele kakhulu emhlabeni jikelele ngesiSpanishi.
Umbhali uchaze kaningi ukuthi intshisekelo yakhe itholakala ku- ukuhlola ubuthakathaka bokujwayelekileLeso sici esibonakala sizinzile, esiqala ukuqhekeka emngxunyeni omncane ezindabeni zakhe: isenzo esingajwayelekile, isinqumo esincane, ukungena okuphazamisa inqubo. Abalingiswa bakhe, abavame ukubanjwa yizimo zomndeni ezishubile noma ezindaweni ezicindezelayo, babhekana nokwesaba abakukhulisayo, ukwesaba okugcina kuvimbele inkululeko yabo.
Ezingxoxweni, uSchweblin ugcizelele ukuthi ubheka ukwenzeka kwezinto ngendlela evamile njengendaba exoxwayo, isivumelwano sesikhashana sokukwazi ukuhlala ndawonye, nokuthi unesifiso sokubuka Kwenzekani uma leso sivumelwano singasasebenzi?Ubuye wacabanga ngolimi njengethuluzi elinomqondo ongafani: lumenza akwazi ukulawula yonke into ebhalwe phansi, kuyilapho enkulumweni, evuma, amagama “aphuma kalula ekulawuleni.” Lokhu kufuna ukunemba kubonakala ebunzimeni nasemigidini yezindaba zakhe.
Umklomelo wezincwadi wesigidi samaRandi uphakathi kwempikiswano
Ukuvela koMklomelo we-Aena we-Hispanic American Narrative akukaze kuqashelwe emkhakheni wezincwadi waseYurophu naseLatin America. Ukuhlanganiswa kwesibonelelo sezimali esingakaze sibonwe kanye neqiniso lokuthi sikhuthazwa yinkampani yaseSpain engaphansi komphakathi Kudale impikiswano enkulu mayelana nokufaneleka kwayo ngesikhathi, ukwakheka kwayo, kanye nemiphumela yayo engaba khona ohlelweni lokushicilela.
U-Aena, umqhubi wesikhumulo sezindiza ohamba phambili emhlabeni ngenani labagibeli kanye no-51% ophethwe nguhulumeni, uvikele lo mklomelo njengo- "Isinyathelo sokuxhasa imisipha" yakhelwe ngaphakathi kwesu layo lomthwalo wemfanelo kwezenhlalo ezinkampanini. Umongameli wayo, uMaurici Lucena, ukhumbule enkulumweni yakhe ukuthi eminye imiklomelo ehlonishwayo, njengeNobel, iBooker, noma iStrega, yaqala ngokuhlobene nezinkampani noma izinhlangano ezingaphandle komkhakha wamasiko.
Kodwa-ke, ukugxekwa kugxile ezicini eziningana. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ingxenye yokutshalwa kwezimali komphakathi eyabelwe umklomelo owodwa wezincwadiImali yomklomelo, okuhlanganisa nowinile, abafinyelele kowamanqamu, kanye nokuthengiswa ngobuningi, idlula kalula ama-euro ayizigidi ezimbili. Eminye imikhakha yesaba ukuthi inani eliphezulu kangaka lingaphazamisa umbono wenani embonini yokushicilela, lilinganise ikhwalithi nezigidi zama-euro.
Abanye ababukeli bakhombe ku- ukungalingani kwezindawo esigabeni sangaphambi kokukhethwaLo mklomelo, ohlose ukuhlanganisa indaba evela kuwo wonke umhlaba okhuluma iSpanishi, wahlulelwa kakhulu ngabagxeki kanye nezintatheli ezivela eziteshini zezindaba zaseSpain. Kuye kwaphawulwa nokuthi imisebenzi emihlanu efinyelele ekugcineni ivela emibhalweni yamaqembu amakhulu okushicilela, okusho ukuthi, ngokwala mazwi, inciphisa umthelela ekwahlukeni kwendalo yezincwadi.
U-Aena kanye nezikhungo ezisebenzisanayo—i-Gabo Foundation kanye noSihlalo we-Vargas Llosa—bagcizelela ukuthi inhloso yalo mklomelo "ukukhuthaza ukufunda, ukusekela ubuciko nokuqinisa ubudlelwano bezincwadi phakathi kweSpain neLatin America"Le nkampani ihlela ukugcina uxhaso lwezimali ezinhlelweni ezizayo, ibambe umcimbi minyaka yonke eBarcelona eduze kwaseSant Jordi, futhi iqhubeke nokuthola izinkulungwane zamakhophi emisebenzi ekhethiwe ukuze isabalaliswe ezikhumulweni zezindiza, emitatsheni yezincwadi nasezikhungweni zemfundo.
Njengoba kuqale kahle kangaka, ingxoxo mayelana ne-Aena Award idlulela ngale komphumela walolu hlelo lokuqala futhi igxile emibuzweni eyisisekelo: Iyiphi indima okufanele idlalwe yizinkampani zikahulumeni nezizimele ekuxhaseni amasiko ngezimali?Indlela yokuklama imiklomelo engaqinisi ukungalingani okukhona, nokuthi imiklomelo ingaba negalelo kanjani ngempela ekwandiseni inani labafundi kanye nokubonakala kwamazwi ahlukahlukene.
Okwamanje, igama likaSamanta Schweblin kanye nelika Okubi okuhle Kuhlotshaniswa nendawo yokuqala yalolu hambo olusha lwezincwadi olunesitembu saseSpain. Emongweni wokungaqiniseki komhlaba wonke kanye nokungezwani okuzungeze ukusetshenziswa kwezinsiza zomphakathi, lo mklomelo uqala ngokubeka phambili umlobi wezindaba ezimfushane ochithe iminyaka eminingi ngesineke nangokuthula ehlakulela umsebenzi lapho okungavamile kungena khona empilweni yansuku zonke futhi kumphoqelele ukuba azibuke esibukweni esihlukile.
