Xhumana ngaphandle kwamagama: izincwadi ezihamba phambili ngolimi lomzimba
Ukukhuluma ngomzimba noma ukushukuma komzimba kungenye yezindlela ezivame kakhulu zokuxhumana ngaphandle kwezwi. Kuwo wonke amakhulu eminyaka, ibilokhu isetshenziswa kwezobuciko nemfundo ukudlulisa imicabango nemizwa ngaphandle kwesidingo sokukhuluma noma yimaphi amagama. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, izazi ze-anthropologists, izazi zokusebenza kwengqondo, ososayensi nothisha baqaphela ukuthi lolu hlobo lolimi lunikeza okungaphezu kwensiza elula.
Abantu baklanyelwe ukubona amaphethini okunyakaza kwabanye abantu: ishiya eliboshiwe elibonisa ukucasuka noma ukukhathazeka, izandla ezingaphumuli ezibonisa ukwethuka, noma ukuma okugobile okungase kumelele ukudabuka noma ukukhathala. Ukuze uqonde kangcono ukuthi isebenza kanjani, nalu uhlu lwezincwadi ezihamba phambili ngolimi lomzimba.
Izincwadi ezinhle kakhulu zokuqonda ulimi lomzimba
Ukuxhumana okungakhulumi ngomlomo (1976), nguFlora Davis
Kulokhu, umbhali ufunda umhlaba omkhulu wolimi lomzimba kanye nomthelela wawo ekusebenzelaneni kwabantu. Ngokusekelwe ocwaningweni lokuphayona ku-psychology nesociology, umbhali wembula ukuthi ukushukuma komzimba, isimo sobuso, iphimbo nokuma kwezwi kudlulisa kanjani ulwazi olunamandla njengamagama, ngokuvamile ngokungazi.
Incwadi ihlola izici ezihlukene zokuxhumana okungakhulumi, kusukela indima yemizwa ngolimi lomzimba kuya kuthonya lamasiko ekushukumeni nasekusondeleni phakathi kwabantu. Ngezibonelo ezibambekayo kanye nezifundo zesayensi, U-Davis ubonisa ukuthi lolu hlobo lokuxhumana luthinta kanjani ubudlelwano bethu bomuntu siqu, bomsebenzi kanye nomphakathi.
Ibinzana elithi UFlora Davis
- "Siyini, emva kwakho konke - izenzo zethu, imibono yethu - kodwa izinzwa ezivuthayo, izigqi?"
Ngiyazi ukuthi ucabangani: Sebenzisa amakhodi amane olimi lomzimba ukuze uthuthukise impilo yakho (2003), nguLillian Glass
Uchwepheshe wezokuxhumana uLillian Glass wethula indlela entsha esekelwe kumakhodi amane olimi lomzimba ukuze ahumushe ngokunembile imicabango nemizwelo yabanye. Ngendlela esebenzayo nefinyelelekayo, Umbhali uchaza indlela yokuchaza izimpawu ezingakhulumi ezwini, isimo sobuso, ukunyakaza komzimba nokuma, okuvumela ukuqonda okujulile kokuxhumana kwabantu.
Le ncwadi inikeza izinsiza zokukhomba ubuqotho, ukubona inkohliso nokuthuthukisa ukukholisa ezindaweni ezahlukene, kusukela emsebenzini kuya ebuhlotsheni bomuntu siqu. Ngezibonelo ezicacile nezeluleko ezisebenzayo, Ingilazi isiza umfundi ukuthi athuthukise amakhono okufunda futhi abe nomthelela ekuhlanganyeleni kwansuku zonke, okuqinisa ukwethembana nozwela.
Izingcaphuno ze-Lillian Glass
- "Indoda enobuthi yilowo owenza owesifazane azizwe kabi ngaye, emenza azizwe engaphansi kwakhe, akamsekeli, futhi wenza ukuphila kwakhe kube nzima."
- "Imbangi onomona ihlale izama ukusiza abesifazane ngokubuza cishe konke abakushoyo."
Ukuxhumana okungakhulumi ngomlomo (2008), nguTeresa Pont
Encwadini yakhe, uTeresa Pont ukhuluma ngendlela izenzo zomzimba, isimo sobuso, ukuma nezinye izici ezingakhulumi zibe nethonya endleleni esihlobana ngayo nabanye. Ukuyichaza, Umbhali usebenzisa indlela ye-didactic, ehlaziya indlela lezi zimpawu ezithinta ngayo imizwelo, izinhloso nesimo sengqondo, ngokuvamile ngendlela ephumelela kakhulu kunamagama.
Incwadi ucubungula ezicini ezahlukene zokuxhumana ngaphandle kokukhuluma, kusukela endimeni yayo ekuphileni kwansuku zonke kuya kumthelela wayo emikhakheni efana nemfundo, umsebenzi nobudlelwano. U-Pont uphinde asebenzise izibonelo ezingokoqobo kanye nezifundo ekuchazeni ulimi lomzimba Ngale ndlela, usiza umfundi ukuba athuthukise ukuqaphela nokuqonda kwalolu hlobo lokuxhumana.
Uyakhuluma, ngizofunda: Izihluthulelo zokuxhumana okungakhulumi (2019), nguJose Luis Martin Ovejero
Uchwepheshe wezokuxhumana okungewona amazwi u-José Luis Martín Ovejero wembula indlela yokuhumusha ukuthinta, izinkulumo nokuma ukuze uqonde kangcono lokho abantu abakushoyo ngempela, ngale kwamazwi abo. Umbhali usebenzisa indlela efinyelelekayo egcwele izibonelo zangempela ezichaza ukuthi ulimi lomzimba lukuthinta kanjani ukusebenzisana kwethu kwansuku zonke, nokuthi singayisebenzisa kanjani ukuze sithuthukise ukuxhumana kwethu.
Lo mbhalo uhlola umthelela wokuxhumana ngokungakhulumi emikhakheni ehlukene, njengepolitiki, ubuholi, izingxoxo kanye nobudlelwano bomphakathi. Futhi inikeza amathuluzi okubona amanga, ukuhumusha imizwelo efihliwe futhi uthuthukise isithombe somuntu siqu ngokulawula ulimi lomzimba.
Ukuxhumana okungenazwi ebuhlotsheni bodokotela nesiguli (2017), ngu-Beatriz Molinuevo Alonso
Beatriz Molinuevo Alonso ibheka ukubaluleka kolimi lomzimba emkhakheni wezokunakekelwa kwempilo, egqamisa indlela ukuthinta komzimba, isimo sobuso nokuma kungaba nomthelela kanjani ekuthembekeni, ekuzweleni nasekuphatheni ngempumelelo.
Ngokusebenzisa indlela esekelwe ebufakazini besayensi kanye nokusebenza komtholampilo, umbhali uhlaziya ukuthi ochwepheshe bezempilo bangathuthukisa kanjani ukuxhumana kwabo neziguli, bakhuthaze ubuhlobo obuseduze bomuntu nobuseduze. Ngaphandle kwalokho, Le ncwadi inikeza amathuluzi okuhumusha izimpawu ezingakhulumi ezimeni zokwelapha, ukusiza ukuthola imizwa efana nokwesaba, ukukhathazeka noma ubuhlungu.
Ukuziphatha okungenazwi: Ngaphandle kokuxhumana nolimi (2016), ngu-Rafael M. Lopez Perez, u-Fernando Gordillo Leon no-Marta Grau Olivares
Le ncwadi ihlinzeka ngokuhlaziywa okujulile kokuziphatha okungasho lutho ngombono wemikhakha eminingi, ehlanganisa imikhakha efana nokusebenza kwengqondo, isayensi yezinzwa kanye nokuxhumana. Ababhali, uRafael M. Lopez Perez, uFernando Gordillo Leon noMarta Grau Olivares, hlola ukuthi izitho zomzimba, isimo sobuso, ukuma nezinye izici ezingasho amazwi zikuthonya kanjani ukuxhumana kwabantu ngale kolimi olukhulunywayo.
Ngezifundo zesayensi nezibonelo ezingokoqobo, Umsebenzi wembula indima yokuziphatha okungakhulumi ekuxhumaneni ngokomzwelo, ubudlelwano phakathi kwabantu kanye nenkundla yobungcweti. Iphinde ihlole ukuthi lezi zimpawu zingahunyushwa futhi zisetshenziswe kanjani ngendlela ehlelekile ezimeni ezahlukene, kusukela ezingxoxweni zemisebenzi kuya ekuxhumaneni kwansuku zonke.
I-The Body Language Bible: Umhlahlandlela Osebenzayo Wokutolika Izenzo Nezinkulumo Zabantu (2010), Judi James
UJudi James unikeza umhlahlandlela osebenzayo nofinyelelekayo wokuhumusha ulimi lomzimba nokulusebenzisa ngokuphumelelayo ekuxhumaneni kwansuku zonke. Ngezincazelo ezicacile nezibonelo eziningi, Umbhali uhlahlela ukuthi ukushukuma komzimba, ukuma, isimo sobuso nokunyakaza kungaveza kanjani imicabango, imizwelo nezimo zengqondo ezifihliwe.
Le ncwadi ihlanganisa izimo ezehlukene lapho ulimi lomzimba ludlala indima ebalulekile, njengezingxoxo zomsebenzi, izingxoxo, ubudlelwano bomuntu siqu kanye nezethulo zomphakathi. Ngaphandle kwalokho, inikeza amasu okuthuthukisa inkulumo yomuntu engasho lutho kanye nokuzethemba kwephrojekthi, ukukholisa nobuqiniso.
