Abashicileli abazimele babhekene nempikiswano: eminye imibukiso yezincwadi igubha inani elikhulu labantu ababa khona kanye nenani lokuthengisa, kuyilapho imibhalo eminingi emincane ixwayisa ngokuthi imisebenzi yansuku zonke ayilula neze. ESpain, imicimbi efana neLiberisliber eBesalú kanye neLiber eBarcelona iphinde igqamise amakhathalogi azimele amaqembu amakhulu okushicilela kanye nesidingo sokufinyelela abafundi abasha.
Ingxoxo ayigcini nje ngamasiko. Iphinde ihilele isabelomali, ukunyatheliswa kwezincwadi, izindleko zokunyathelisa, kanye nezitolo zezincwadi ezilwela ukuhlala zisebenza. Ngenkathi imboni yokushicilela yaseSpain ivame ukubonisa ukukhula, amazwi afana nalawo omhleli uMaría Magdalena achaza isimo sokuthengiswa okuphansi kanye nezindleko eziphakeme. Igebe phakathi kwabashicileli abakhulu kanye nabezindaba ezincane selibe yinkinga ebalulekile.
Imibukiso yezohwebo ephefumula impilo entsha kumakhathalogi azimele
EBesalú, iLiberisliber iphinde yagcwalisa iPlaça de Sant Pere kanye nePlaça del Claustre ngamatafula avela kubashicileli abazimele abangu-69. Abahleli babike ukuthi kugcwele indlu kanye nohlelo olwenzelwe ukwenza ukufunda kutholakale kuwo wonke umuntu. Umbukiso oseGirona uzibeka njengomcimbi obalulekile kubashicileli abancane nabaphakathi. Ngemva kwempumelelo yeCatalan Book Week, lo mcimbi ugcina umgomo ofanayo: ukunikeza izincwadi ezizimele ukubonakala okukhulu.
I-Liberisliber ayifuni ukuzikhawulela kwimpelasonto kuphela. Ngenxa yemibiko exwayisa ngokuncipha kwemikhuba yokufunda, iphrojekthi imemezele i-Lektur.cat, umthombo wedijithali ohlelelwe ukukhishwa ekupheleni kuka-Okthoba. Abadwebi abafana noDani Torrent no-Anna Font bazofaka isandla, banikeze imibono yokukhuthaza izingane nabantu abadala ukuthi bafunde futhi baqondise ukukhethwa kwezincwadi. Umgomo ukuguqula umbukiso wezincwadi ube ithuluzi elidlula izinsuku zawo zokuvula.
Okwamanje, i-Liber, uMbukiso Wezincwadi Wamazwe Ngamazwe, ilungiselela uhlelo olusha olugxile ekuvuleni izimakethe, ukuthengisa amalungelo, nokuxoxa ngobuhlakani bokwenziwa kanye nokukhuthaza ukufunda phakathi kwentsha. Abashicileli abangu-250 abavela emazweni angu-16 kanye nochwepheshe abangu-500 abavela emazweni angu-68 bayahlanganyela. Lokhu okunikezwayo kufaka phakathi amaqembu amakhulu okushicilela, abashicileli bezemfundo nezesayensi, kanye nezincwadi ezizimele. Ukwenziwa kwamanye amazwe kwethulwa njengendlela yamakhathalogi amancane ukuthola abathengi ngaphandle kweSpain.
Idatha evela kwi-Spanish Federation of Publishers' Guilds (FGEE) ikhombisa imakethe yasekhaya ekhiqize imali engenayo engu-€3.138 billion ngo-2025, ukwanda okungu-3,3%, okuphawula iminyaka eyishumi nambili elandelanayo yokukhula, lapho ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe kusondela ku-€400 million. UManuel González, umongameli we-FGEE kanye ne-Liber, ugcizelela amandla emboni kanye nekhono elikhulu lolimi lwesiSpanishi, olukhulunywa abantu abacishe babe yizigidi ezingu-600. Nokho, lokhu kukhula okuphelele akususi izinselele ezibhekene namaphrojekthi amancane.
Izindleko, ukuthengisa kanye nezitolo zezincwadi: uhlangothi olungenabungane kangako
Umhleli nomlobi uMaría Magdalena, obehola iLas Furias kusukela ngo-2020, ubeke ngamazwi isimo abaningi abasivumayo ngasese. Ngesikhathi ebonakala eRonda de Escritores, ukhulume ngokwehla okukhulu kwesidingo kanye nokwenyuka kwezindleko zokunyathelisa okuphoqa abashicileli ukuthi babuyekeze isabelomali kanye nokusetshenziswa kokunyathelisa cishe njalo ngesizini. Ukushicilela akukabi shibhile , futhi lokho kuthinta ngqo intengo yekhophi ngayinye.
UMagdalena uyavuma ukuthi indlu yakhe yokushicilela okwamanje iyakwazi ukuqhubeka nokusebenza, kodwa akaphiki ukuthi ezinye izitolo zezincwadi kanye namaphrojekthi okushicilela kuye kwadingeka ukuthi kuvalwe noma kuncishiswe ukusebenza, njengoba kwenzekile kwabanye abashicileli abakhulu abazimele kwezinye izimakethe. Izindleko ezikhulayo zezinto ezidingekayo kanye nezindleko ezizinzile, njengezindleko zikagesi zezitolo zezincwadi, zicindezela umugqa wemali. Izilinganiso zokwehla kokuthengisa okucishe kube ngu-40% bezilokhu zijikeleza kwezinye izimo. Ingcindezi yehlela ezakhiweni ezibuthakathaka ezingenayo inethi yokuphepha yenkampani enkulu.
Ngaphezu komsebenzi wakhe njengomhleli, uMagdalena wethule incwadi yakhe ethi, *Like a Handful in the Flesh* , umsebenzi okunzima ukuwuhlukanisa ngezigaba ohlanganisa izincwadi, ukugula, usizi, kanye nendatshana. Wachaza ukuthi inezingxenye ezimbili: enye igxile ekuguleni nasekufeni kowesifazane, kanti enye igxila ekucabangeni okunezindatshana ngaphandle kokuyeka ukuhlola kwayo kwezinkondlo. Umbhalo ukhuluma ngobudlova bezokwelapha kanye nendlela izinqubo ezithile eziqanjwa ngayo.
Umbhali ulwela uSusan Sontag futhi ugxeka ukwenziwa kothando kwezifo ezifana nesifo sofuba kanye nolimi lwezempi oluveza isiguli njengomuntu olwa impi. Uthi le ndlela yokukhuluma ibumba okuhlangenwe nakho komuntu ogulayo kanye nomnakekeli wakhe. E-Las Furias, uyachaza, bathanda izincwadi ezingahlukaniswa kanye nemisebenzi yokuguqula uhlobo. Indlu yokushicilela ilwela izihloko eziphikisana nezigaba zezentengiselwano ezibikezelwayo.
Umkhakha obanjwe phakathi kwethemba nokwesaba
- Inkululeko: Abamemezeli abazimele abangu-69 eBesalú kanye nohlelo lokukhuthaza ukufunda.
- I-Lektur.cat: Imithombo yedijithali enabadwebi bezithombe ukuqondisa ukufundwa.
- I-Bast: Abamemezeli abangu-250 abavela emazweni angu-16 kanye nochwepheshe abangu-500 abavela emazweni angu-68.
- AmaFury: Isexwayiso sokuthengiswa okuphansi kanye nezindleko zokunyathelisa eziphezulu.
Umehluko phakathi kwemibukiso yezincwadi ephilayo kanye nabashicileli abalinganisa izincwadi zabo uchaza kahle isimo samanje. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, i-Liberisliber ne-Liber zibonisa ukuthi kunentshisekelo kumakhathalogi azimele nokuthi kukhona amathuluzi okuthumela kwamanye amazwe, amalayisense amalungelo, kanye nokukhuthaza ukufundwa. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, abashicileli abancane bahlala bematasa ngokuthengisa, izindleko, kanye nokubonakala kwezitolo zezincwadi. Akuyona inkinga efanayo , kodwa kuyisibonakaliso sesixwayiso sayo yonke indawo yezincwadi.
Isimo somkhakha wokushicilela ozimele eSpain naseYurophu sibonisa umehluko omkhulu phakathi kokuguquguquka nobunzima: imibukiso yezincwadi esemisiwe, amaphrojekthi edijithali ahlose ukukhuthaza ukufunda, izingxoxo zamalungelo omhlaba wonke, kanye nezibalo zokukhula komhlaba wonke, kanye nemibiko yokwehla kokuthengisa kanye nezindleko ezikhuphukayo. Abashicileli abancane bakha indawo yabo ngaphandle kokushiya amakhathalogi abo anomdlandla, kuyilapho impikiswano ezungeze ikusasa lezincwadi, ubuhlakani bokwenziwa, kanye noshintsho lwezizukulwane kubafundi luhlala luvulekile. Isihluthulelo kuzoba ukusekela lokhu kuhlukahluka ngaphandle kokuthembela kuphela entshisekweni yabambalwa abakhethiwe.