Sekudlule iminyaka eminingana kusukela emhlabeni wonke Umlando Wencekukazi Wavalelisa kuthelevishini, kodwa iRiphabhulikhi yaseGileyadi ayiyanga ndawo. Manje njengoba izwe le-dystopian libuya nalo ITestamente, uchungechunge olusha oluthatha ifa likaMargaret Atwood futhi ithatha isinyathelo esiqhubekayo, kokubili emkhakheni wezincwadi kanye nasekuzivumelaniseni kwayo nesikrini esincane.
Kulokhu, ukugxila kuyashintsha kusuka endabeni kaJune Osborne kuya isizukulwane samantombazane akhule engazi lutho olunye ngaphandle kombuso ongokwasezulwiniLolu chungechunge, olufika eSpain ngenxa yeDisney+, luhlanganisa ubuqili bezepolitiki, idrama yentsha, kanye nokuphawula komphakathi ukuze kwambulwe isithombe esibanzi sikaGileyadi kanye namandla azama ukukwehlisa ngaphakathi.
Kusukela enoveli ewine imiklomelo kuya kumdlalo olandelayo wethelevishini
Ngaphambi kokuba kube uchungechunge, Izincwadi Kwakuyincwadi eyayilindelwe isikhathi eside. UMargaret Atwood washicilela le ncwadi ngo-2019. eminyakeni engaphezu kwamashumi amathathu kamuva Umlando Wencekukazi...emongweni ohluke kakhulu kunawo-1980. Lowo mlando wezincwadi, owasungulwa lapho ukunyakaza #MeToo kanye namagagasi amasha okulwela amalungelo abesifazane Babesematasa kakhulu, wawina uMklomelo weBooker owabelwana ngawo no Intombazane, owesifazane, nabanye, nguBernardine Evaristo, futhi kwavuselela isithakazelo eGileyadi emhlabeni wonke.
Kule noveli, u-Atwood ubheka ngendlela ehlukile: Iyawushiya umbono ka-Offred owodwa bese ikhetha ukulandisa kwekwayara. Ngamazwi amathathu abesifazane, uchungechunge lungena ezingqimbeni zesistimu ezazingabonakali kahle ngaphambili. Lesi sakhiwo sandisa imibono ngokucindezelwa, ukubambisana, kanye nokumelana, futhi sisebenza njengesisekelo somqondo salolu chungechunge, yize ukuguqulwa kwethelevishini kungalandeli yonke imininingwane yencwadi kuze kube sekupheleni.
Uchungechunge lwe-Disney+ luhlelwe, njengombhalo wokuqala, eminyakeni eminingana ngemva kwemicimbi ebalulekile ye Umlando WencekukaziUkwenyuka kwesikhathi kuvula ithuba lemibuzo emisha: sekwenzekeni ngamantombazane athathwe emindenini yawo, uhulumeni usinda kanjani ngemva kweminyaka eminingi yobudlova bezikhungo, nokuthi imiphi imifantu eqala ukuvela kulolo hlobo olubonakala luyinqaba.
Kubalulekile ukukucacisa lokho Abagijimi bemibukiso bagcizelele ukuthi kuwukuqhubeka kwendalo yethelevishini. Sekujwayelekile kakade, kunokuba kube ukuguqulelwa kwenoveli ngokoqobo. Umgomo uwukugcina ukuhambisana nezinkathi eziyisithupha ezedlule ngenkathi kufakwa izinto ezibalulekile ezenza le ncwadi yaba yinto yomhlaba wonke.
Indaba entsha yeqiniso elihlukile
Umsebenzi ka-Atwood ubulokhu usebenza njengesibuko esiphambene sesikhathi samanje. Ngesikhathi ebhala Umlando Wencekukazi ngeminyaka yawo-1980Wakwenza lokho ngaphansi kwesimo seMpi Yomshoshaphansi, ukucindezelwa kwemibuso yaseMpumalanga Yurophu, kanye nokushintsha kwabaholi abanjengoRonald Reagan noMargaret Thatcher. Umbono wokuthi "noma yiluphi uhlelo lwezepolitiki lungawa" wawugcwele umoya wencwadi yokuqala.
cunt IzincwadiUmbhali ubhala kusukela kwenye inkathi: ishumi leminyaka lesibili lekhulu lama-21, ngaphambi kobhubhaneKodwa lesi sikhathi sesivele siphawulwe ukunqoba kukaDonald Trump, i-Brexit, ukuhlaselwa kwamaphekula eYurophu, kanye nokukhula kwamapulatifomu amakhulu edijithali. Kulesi simo, ushintsho lokukhathazeka: ukuqapha ubuchwepheshe, ukwahlukana kwezepolitiki, kanye nobuthakathaka bentando yeningi kuthatha indawo ebalulekile engqondweni yabantu bonke.
U-Atwood akaseyena umlobi ovuthiwe owashicilela ukuvakashela kwakhe kokuqala eGileyadi, kodwa umbhali odumile osezofika eminyakeni engamashumi ayisishiyagalombili ubudala futhi ithwala isisindo sesenzakalo esikhulu samasiko. Ingcindezi evela kubafundi, umthelela wochungechunge lokuqala, kanye nesimo sezepolitiki samazwe ngamazwe konke kungena ngaphakathi Izincwadi, ehilela ngqo izingxoxo zanamuhla ngamalungelo omphakathi, ukulingana, kanye nobushiqela.
Naphezu kokuhamba kwesikhathi, umongo wayo uhlala unjalo. Le noveli iyaqhubeka umoya wokugxeka, wokuhlekisa, nowokungabaza ngokujulile nanoma yimaphi amandla athi ayinsindiso, futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo igcina ikhono elimangalisayo lokudala ukungezwani kokulandisa. Lokhu kuhlanganiswa, okuhunyushwe esikrinini, kuhlose ukuthi ingxenye elandelayo yethelevishini ibe yinto engajabulisi njengeyandulelayo, kodwa mhlawumbe ikhanye kancane ekugcineni ekwethulayo.
Ngokuthakazelisayo, ngisho nokukhethwa kwesembozo sencwadi kwabangela isiphithiphithi: abafundi babelindele umbala obomvu odumile we-Handmaids, kodwa incwadi yethulwa. ngombala oluhlaza okotshani u-Atwood awuhlobanisa nomqondo wethembaLeyo ncazelo emfushane isebenza njengesimemezelo senhloso: indawo yonke yaseGileyadi isalokhu inonya, kodwa manje umnyango uvulekile wokucabanga ngokuphela kwayo okungenzeka.
Indima ehamba phambili yesizukulwane esisha sabesifazane
Ushintsho olubalulekile ku Izincwadi iqukethe shintsha ukugxila kulabo abakhulele ngaphansi kombuso bengenakho okunye okukhumbulayo. Uma ku Umlando Wencekukazi Silandele owesifazane omdala owayesazi impilo ngaphambi kokuvukela umbuso; lapha sithola intsha ebone umhlaba kuphela nge-prism yaseGileyadi noma isuka ekuphepheni okulinganiselwe kokudingiswa.
Lolu chungechunge lugxile kubantu ababili abasebasha: U-Agnes, okhuliswe ngaphakathi kwemithetho yenkolo eqinile yezweFuthi uDaisy, intombazane evela ngaphandle komphakathi wakubo eletha umbono womuntu wangaphandle, owakhiwe ukukhuliswa okugxile enkululekweni. Bobabili baphoqeleka ukuba bahlale ndawonye endaweni ebukeka inelungelo njengoba icindezela ngokoqobo: a isikole sokulungiselela abesifazane besikhathi esizayo, lapho izigaba ezisekela uhlelo zihlanganiswa khona.
Lesi simo sisenza sibone ukuthi ukulalela kwakhiwa kanjani kusukela ebusheni kuya phambili. Ngemikhuba, izifundo zokuziphatha, kanye nezikhumbuzo eziqhubekayo zendima elindelekile kubo, Ubuhlobo obukhula phakathi kuka-Agnes noDaisy buba yingqikithi yemizwa yendabaUbuhlobo babo, obugcwele izimfihlo nokusola, busebenza njengenhlansi yokuqwashisa okungaphezu kohambo lwabo lomuntu siqu.
Inoveli kanye nochungechunge kugcizelela ukuthi Yizizukulwane ezintsha ezingabangela izinguquko zesakhiwoNgalaba balingisi abaphambili, u-Atwood uthumela umlayezo ocacile: ngisho nasendaweni elawulwa kahle kangaka, kuhlale kukhona ithuba lokungabaza imithetho, ukufuna imifantu nokwakha izivumelwano ezigcwalisa uhlelo olumisiwe.
Eceleni kwabo kuvela nomlingiswa kaBecka endabeni yezincwadi, omunye owesifazane osemusha ophawulwe yingcindezi yezenhlalo neyenkolo. Nakuba uchungechunge lwethelevishini lugxile ku-Agnes noDaisy, Indawo yonke yentsha igcwele imithetho yokwethembeka, izenzo ezincane zokuvukela, kanye namasu okusinda buthule. okuzokwembulwa ngesiqephu ngasinye.
U-Anti Lydia, ingxenye ebalulekile emshinini waseGileyadi
Uma kukhona into eyodwa ehlukanisa le ngxenye elandelayo nendaba edlule, ukubaluleka okutholwa ngu-Anti Lydia, umlingiswa osevele ejwayelene nababukeli be- Umlando Wencekukazi ngubani lapha othatha indawo ephambili. Ochungechungeni, oluphinde lwadlalwa ngu-Ann Dowd, uvezwa njengo- uthishanhloko ononya wesikole samakhosikazi esikhathi esizayokodwa futhi njengomuntu oyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu kunalokho okwakubonakala ekuqaleni.
Encwadini, omunye wabalandisi abathathu nguye kanye lo anti, ozwi lakhe lembula kokubili isikhathi sakhe esidlule kanye nendlela asebenza ngayo ngaphakathi kohleloIndaba yakhe isusa isithombe sesisebenzi sikahulumeni esilalelayo futhi yembula owesifazane, osesikhundleni esikhethekile kodwa esiyingozi, onquma ukudlala umdlalo wesikhathi eside. Lolu chungechunge luthwebula lokhu kungaqondakali futhi lukuhumushela ekubeni indaba ehlekisayo.
Kumbukeli, u-Anti Lydia uba yi-prism lapho kuqondwa khona ukuphikisana kombuso. Ubudala bakhe kanye nolwazi lwakhe kumbeka ngaphakathi kwalelo qembu labesifazane, Ngisho noma zingenalo inani lokuzala leGileyadi, zibalulekile ekugcineni ukuhlelekaYibo abafundisa, baqaphe futhi balungise, kodwa futhi yibo abazi kangcono kunanoma ubani ubuthakathaka besakhiwo abasisiza ukuba sibusekele.
Lokhu kugcizelelwa kokuvuthwa kwabesifazane kufana ngqo nezingxoxo zamanje mayelana indima yabesifazane asebekhulile emiphakathini yaseNtshonalangangokuvamile kwenziwa kungabonakali noma kuncishiswe kube yimibono engafani. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, u-Atwood kanye nochungechunge baphakamisa umuntu onolwazi olujulile, okwaziyo kokubili ukusebenzisa unya olungenamusa nokwakha amasu angalimaza umbuso ngaphakathi.
Ukubuya kuka-Ann Dowd kule ndima, manje esenendima evelele kakhulu, Inikeza ukuqhubeka ngokomzwelo nochungechunge lokuqalaKulabo abalandele indaba kaJune, akunakugwenywa ukuqhathanisa u-anti esasimazi nalowo owembulwe kulesi sigaba esisha, okwengeza ungqimba olwengeziwe lokungezwani kanye nelukuluku mayelana nokwethembeka kwakhe kwangempela.
Ukunyakaza okuhlangene kokuguqulwa
Kokubili inoveli kanye nochungechunge kugcizelela umqondo owawusuvele ufihliwe ku- Umlando Wencekukazi: Akekho ongazikhulula eyedwa ohlelweni olucindezela kangakaUma indaba yokuqala igcizelele ukubaluleka kobudade kanye nezenzo ezincane zokusekelana, Izincwadi Kuthatha isinyathelo esengeziwe bese kukhethwa indaba exoxwa ngokukhululekile ekwayareni.
Kulokhu, indaba ayigxili ohambweni lomuntu ngamunye, kodwa imayelana nohambo lwakhe. inethiwekhi yabantu, abavela ezikhundleni ezihlukene kakhulu, abanegalelo ekwenzeni buthaka umbusoAbesifazane abasebasha abakhuliswe ngokuzithoba, abesifazane abadala abaziyo ukusebenza kwamandla kwangaphakathi, abantu abahlobene nokumelana kwangaphandle, ngisho nabalingiswa ababonakala bengenalo uzwela bonke baphoqelekile ukubambisana ukuze bafeze umgomo ongaphezu kwabo.
Umyalezo ovelayo ucacile: Ukuguqulwa kwezepolitiki kudinga isisekelo senhlalo esisebenzayoAmaqhawe ambalwa ahlukene awanele; izingxenye ezahlukene zabantu kudingeka zithathe izingozi, zabelane ngolwazi, futhi ziphonsele inselelo izindinganiso ezibekiwe. Lolu chungechunge luhumusha lo mbono ube yizigcawu lapho ukuxhumana kwabantu kuba amathuluzi okuvukela umbuso.
Kubabukeli baseYurophu, abajwayele ukubona inganekwane ye-dystopian njengesixwayiso kunokuba kube yinganekwane nje, le ndlela ihambisana nezingxoxo mayelana nokuwohloka kwamalungelo, ukwanda kwenkulumo yobushiqela, kanye nobuthakathaka beziqinisekiso zentando yeningi. U-Atwood wayesexwayisile kakade ngawo-1980 ukuthi Ayikho intando yeningi evikelwe phakadeManje, nge IzincwadiKwethula ithuba eliphambene: izinhlelo zobushiqela nazo zingavumela lapho kuvezwa ingcindezi yomphakathi.
Naphezu kobumnyama obuzungeze iGileyadi, Ingxenye elandelayo, ngandlela thile, inethemba elikhulu kuneyomsebenzi wokuqalaHhayi ngoba ithembisa ukunqoba okulula, kodwa ngoba isikisela ukuthi imishini yombuso ayinakubhujiswa. Kodwa-ke, indlela indaba ezwakala ngayo isikhumbuza njalo ukuthi akukho lutho oluzoshintsha uma abantu bebukela bekude, kungaba sezweni eliqanjiwe noma kwelethu.
Inguqulo ye-Disney+ TV: ifomethi, abadlali kanye nokuqala kwemidlalo eSpain
Ekugxumeni kwakhe kuthelevishini, Izincwadi ifika ngathi ukukhiqizwa kokuqala okuxhunywe ku-Hulu futhi yasatshalaliswa eSpain ngeDisney+Lolu chungechunge luholwa nguBruce Miller, umgijimi wezinhlelo kanye nomkhiqizi omkhulu ophinde abe nesibopho Umlando Wencekukazi, okuqinisekisa ukuqhubeka okucacile kwethoni, ubuhle kanye nokwakhiwa kwendawo yonke.
Ithimba lokudala lihlanganisa futhi U-Elisabeth Moss njengomkhiqiziLesi yisenzo esibalulekile uma ubheka ukuthi wayengubuso bukaJune Osborne izinkathi eziyisithupha. Eceleni kwakhe kukhona amagama afana noWarren Littlefield, Steve Stark, Shana Stein, Maya Goldsmith, John Weber, Sheila Hockin, Daniel Wilson, Fran Sears, kanye noMike Barker, owaqondisa iziqephu ezintathu zokuqala futhi obe ngumuntu obalulekile ekuthuthukisweni kokubukwayo kwaleli qembu.
Ngokuphathelene nefomethi, isizini iqukethe: Iziqephu eziyi-10 cishe ihora elilodwa ngasinyeI-Disney+ ikhethe isu lokukhipha izinhlelo ezihlukene: iziqephu ezintathu zokuqala ziqala ngoLwesithathu, umhla ziyi-8 kuMbasa, futhi kusukela ngaleso sikhathi kuqhubeke, iziqephu ezisele zizongezwa masonto onke kukhathalogi yesikhulumi saseSpain. Le ndlela ihlose ukugcina ingxoxo, ukuhlaziya, kanye nemibono iphila phakathi kweziqephu.
Abalingisi bahlanganisa ubuso obusha kanye nezibalo ezivele zihlotshaniswa nendawo yonke yaseGileyadi. UChase Infinity noLucy Halliday bahola abadlali njengo-Agnes noDaisyngokulandelana, enendima ebalulekile endabeni yesikole sabafazi besikhathi esizayo. Ukuba khona kuka-Ann Dowd njengo-Anti Lydia kuqinisa ukuxhumana nochungechunge lokuqala, kuyilapho amagama anjengo-Eva Foote, uKira Guloien, uRowan Blanchard, u-Amy Seimetz, uBrad Alexander, uMabel Li, no-Isolde Ardies eqedela iqembu labadlali eligcizelela ukuhlukahluka kokuhlangenwe nakho ngaphakathi kohlelo.
Isiqephu ngasinye sinesihloko esilandela ingxenye ebalulekile yalolo hambo, kusukela ku- "Izimbali ezinhle" y "Amazinyo aphelele" up "Isikele"Isiphetho sesizini. Lokhu kukhethwa kwamagama kugcizelela kokubili ubukhulu obuseduze bendaba—ubusha, umzimba, izinqumo zokuphila kwasekuqaleni—kanye nosongo oluqhubekayo lobudlova obuhlelekile obuchaza iGileyadi.
Ukwelashwa komculo nakho kudlala indima ebalulekile. Ekuqaleni kochungechunge, isibonelo, I-soundtrack edlala ngokuqhathanisa ukuqina kombuso nezingoma ze-pop eziqashelwayo.Kusukela encwadini kaBlondie ethi “Dreaming” kuya encwadini ethi “The Cranberries” ethi “Dreams,” enezela ungqimba oluhlekisayo empilweni elawulwayo yabalingiswa abaphambili futhi ibhekisela ezweni langaphandle uhlelo oluzama ukulisusa.
Umthelela wamasiko kanye nokulindela eYurophu
Izinkathi eziyisithupha ze- Umlando Wencekukazi, eyakhishwa phakathi kuka-2017 no-2025, ishiye uphawu olunamandla engxoxweni yomphakathi. Isithonjana sengubo ebomvu nesigqoko esimhlophe Kwamukelwa emibhikishweni nasemibhikishweni, ikakhulukazi eMelika naseYurophu, ukuze kugxekwe ukushiyeka kwamalungelo okuzala kanye nenkululeko yomphakathi. Emazweni afana neSpain, lesi sithombe sahlotshaniswa nalokho okubizwa ngokuthi i-Green Wave kanye nezinye izinhlangano zabesifazane ezasakazeka emigwaqweni eminyakeni eyishumi edlule.
Kulowo mongo, ukwethulwa kokuqala kwe- Izincwadi ifika ne- isigaba esiphakeme kakhulu kanye nezithameli esezijwayelene kakade nolimi lweGilead olubonakalayo nolwezepolitikiLolu chungechunge olusha cishe luzodala umthelela omncane wokushaqeka njengowandulelayo, ngokwengxenye ngoba indawo yonke ayisaziwa, kodwa luvula umnyango wengxoxo elandelayo: indlela amantombazane asemasha aphila ngayo ngezindinganiso ezizuzwe njengefa kanye nohlobo lokumelana olungenzeka lapho ukucindezelwa bekulokhu kuyisizinda.
Ukuhlolwa kokuqala kusikisela ukuthi lesi sigaba esilandelayo singase siphumelele okungabhubhisi kakhulu maqondana nomthelela osheshayoNakuba ezinye iziqephu zigxila kakhulu ekwakheni isimo nobudlelwano kunasezinguqukweni ezinkulu zendaba, ukuhlola izwe lentsha, kanye nemithetho yalo eyingqayizivele yokubambisana, ubudade, kanye nokwethembeka, kuletha ukusha okuhlukile futhi kuvumela ukuchazwa kwezindaba kwezepolitiki okunemininingwane eminingi.
EYurophu, lapho ukwanda kwenkulumo ethandwayo kakhulu kanye nemibuzo yezivumelwano ezithile zomphakathi kuye kwabangela ukukhathazeka mayelana nokukhukhuleka kwentando yeningi, Akunzima emphakathini ukuphinda uxhume izixwayiso zika-Atwood.Ukuqondana phakathi kwezindaba eziqanjiwe kanye neqiniso kungazwakala ezingxoxweni mayelana namalungelo abesifazane, ukuhlukahluka, ukulawulwa kwezikhungo kanye nokubhekwa kwedijithali, izindaba ezibekwa phambili naphakathi kulolu chungechunge ngaphandle kokuba yincwajana.
Ukuphela kwesizini okuvulekile kushiya isikhala Ukuqhubeka okungenzeka uma impendulo yomphakathi ilungileAkukho sithembiso esiqinile sezingxenye ezintsha, kodwa ukwakheka kwendaba ngokwayo kusikisela ukuthi indawo yonke yaseGileyadi isenezindaba okufanele izilandise, ikakhulukazi uma ukwamukelwa ezimakethe ezibalulekile njengeYurophu kuqinisekisa ukuthi kusenentshisekelo kulolu hlobo lwendaba ye-dystopian enomyalezo oqinile wezenhlalo.
Ngayo yonke into, Izincwadi zefa zethulwa njengento ehambisanayo kunokuba zithathe indawo yazo Umlando WencekukaziAkuhlosile ukuphinda umthelela ofanayo noma ukukopisha isakhiwo sawo, kodwa kunalokho ukwandisa imephu ngamanye amazwi nezinye izinkinga. Kulabo abalandela uJuni kuze kube sekupheleni, kanye nalabo abasondela endaweni yonke ka-Atwood okokuqala ngeDisney+, le ngxenye elandelayo inikeza indawo entsha yokungena eGileyadi: iqhutshwa kakhulu yiqembu, igxile kakhulu ebusheni, futhi ineso lokuthi uhlelo olubonakala lungashukumiseki lungaqala yini ukuqhekeka ngaphakathi kwezikole zalo, emaphaseji, nasezindlini zokuhlala.
