El Umklomelo we-ARA Wamahlaya ngesiCatalan Izenzele njengenye yezinkundla ezithakazelisayo kakhulu zokuthola amazwi amasha kulo mkhakha kanye nokukala ukushuba kwezingxabano zasemadolobheni nezokuhlalisana ezenzeka eCatalonia. Ohlelweni lwayo lwesithupha, umklomelo ugxile kwezezindlu, ezokuvakasha, kanye nemodeli yedolobha ngokusebenzisa ilensi yombhali osemncane kakhulu onenkulumo evuthiwe nechazwe kahle.
Isiqephu samahlaya esiwinile, Amamitha ayisikwele angama-15, uthatha 10.000 euros kusukela ku-ARA Comic Award futhi isungula umbhali wayo, u-J. Lobo Hispano LĆ³pez, njengomuntu osafufusa kumahlaya angewona amanganekwane wesiCatalan. Kunokuba umane uxoxe ngokuhlangenwe nakho komuntu siqu, umsebenzi usebenzisa ifulethi elincane njengesiqalo sokuhlola ukuthi amadolobha amakhulu ahlala kanjani namuhla nokuthi yiziphi izinkinga ezidalwa yile ndlela yokuphila.
Umnqobi oneminyaka engama-22 wenza umdlalo omkhulu wokuqala
Owinile omusha we I-ARA Comic Award Wazalelwa e-Barcelona ngo-2003, wakhulela endaweni yase-GrĆ cia futhi njengamanje uhlanganisa impilo yakhe yokudala nezifundo ezinzima zaphesheya. U-Hispano LĆ³pez wenza iziqu ze-master in international governance and diplomacy e-Paris futhi uphothule i-internship e-UNESCO egxile kwezamasiko, echaza ngokwengxenye umbono wembulunga yonke nowepolitiki ogcwele umsebenzi wakhe.
Kuphela iminyaka 22Uba ngumnqobi omncane kunabo bonke emlandweni womncintiswano, ngaphambi kwababhali asebemnkantshubomvu abawine ezinhlelweni ezedlule, abafana noPep Brocal, Luis PĆ©rez Ortiz, GlĆ”fira Smith, Susanna MartĆn, kanye nababili u-Ed Carosia noLucas Silvestre. Lo mkhondo wabaphumelele ubonisa indlela umncintiswano ohlanganisa ngayo amagama adumile namazwi amasha aqala ukuvela endaweni yobungcweti.
Nokho ubudlelwano bombhali ne-ARA Comic Award abuqalanga ngalolu hlelo lwesithupha. Wahambisa umsebenzi ngonyaka odlule. Ezokuvakasha kanye ne-utopia, isiqephu samahlaya okuthi, naphezu kokungawinanga indawo yokuqala, sakhethwa kuvolumu I-Vignette 5I-anthology, ehlanganisa ezinye zezincwadi ezinhle kakhulu zomncintiswano, yaphawula okokuqala ngqa ukuthi umsebenzi wakhe unyatheliswa futhi wasakazwa ezitolo zezincwadiāuhlobo oluthile lwesingeniso sesifunda sochwepheshe.
Ku-Hispano LĆ³pez, kokubili ukukhetha ku- I-Vignette 5 njengokunqoba nge Amamitha ayisikwele angama-15 Baphawula ukuqala komsebenzi wakhe. Kusukela manje kuqhubeke, igama lakhe liqala ukubizwa njengomunye walaba izithembiso ezibalulekile zamahlaya e-Catalanikakhulukazi emkhakheni wezinganekwane ezinokuqukethwe kwezenhlalo nezepolitiki. Ngenkathi eqhubeka nezifundo zakhe eParis, usevele esebenzela inoveli yakhe yokuqala eyingcaca, iphrojekthi enkulu ezomvumela ukuthi abone ukuthi angawuthatha kude kangakanani umsebenzi wakhe.
Umbhali uthi ngokungananazi amanethiwekhi omphakathi njengendawo yokufunda Idizayini yezithombe, ikakhulukazi u-X, lapho elandela khona abadwebi abavela emhlabeni wonke, elondoloza futhi ekopisha izithombe ukuze acwenge isitayela sakhe. Lokhu kuqeqeshwa kwedijithali kuhambisana nethonya lendawo yomndeni wakhe: abazali bakhe, abaxhumene nezwe lobuciko obubonakalayo namasiko, bafunde Ubuciko Obuhle futhi bangamalungu asebenzayo endwangu yamasiko, into eye yashiya uphawu ekuqondeni kwakhe umdwebo kanye namahlaya njengamathuluzi ezingxoxo zomphakathi.
"15 square metres": izindlu, idolobha kanye Utopias zasemadolobheni
Amamitha ayisikwele angama-15 Kusuka kulwazi oluphathekayo: impilo yombhali efulethini elincane lesitudiyo eParis ngonyaka odlule. Kusukela kulelo gumbi, elingafinyeleli kumamitha-skwele ayi-15, i-comic ichaza ukuthi kusho ukuthini ukuhlela impilo yansuku zonke endaweni encane kangaka, lapho umbhede wabelana ngokugqama nekhishi, ilondolo, amakholi wevidiyo, nokusebenza ekhaya.
Lokho okuhlangenwe nakho, abafundi abaningi kanye nochwepheshe abasha abakwazi kahle, kusebenza ukungabaza izinga elisha lokuhlala okubukeka sengathi umphakathi usujwayele. Umbhali uchaza ukuthi, eneminyaka engu-22, angavuma ukuyeka izithombe eziyisikwele ukuze afinyelele impilo yamasiko yamadolobha afana neParis; nokho, akakhululekile ezicabanga eneminyaka engu-50 eqhudelana ngekamelo elilodwa efulethini elihlanganyelwayo, njengoba kusikiselwa isikhangiso sangempela asithola emgwaqweni: āIndoda eneminyaka engu-45 ezimisele ifuna indawo yokuhlala.
Umdwebo wamahlaya awumi ku-anecdote. Ukuhlala ndawonye esitudiyo esincane kusetshenziselwa ukuhlanganisa ukucabangela okubanzi... inkinga yezindlu emadolobheni amakhulu kanye nobudlelwano bayo nezigigaba ezifana nokuvakasha kwabantu abaningi. Kumbhali, akunakwenzeka ukuhlukanisa inkinga yokuqashisa nengcindezi yabavakashi: zombili lezi zinkinga ziyingxenye yoguquko olusheshisiwe olufanayo lwamadolobha afana ne-Barcelona.
Ngalesi sizathu, Amamitha ayisikwele angama-15 Ihlanganyela engxoxweni namahlaya akhe adlule, Ezokuvakasha kanye ne-utopialapho esevele ekhulume ngokuthi ezokuvakasha zilungisa kanjani izindawo ezingomakhelwane futhi ziguqule impilo yansuku zonke. Kuyo yomibili le misebenzi, umqondo wokuhamba, ukucinga ubuqiniso, kanye nenkohliso yokuthi impilo ingcono kwenye indawo ibonakala njengamandla okushayela i-gentrification kanye nokwenyuka okuvamile kwezindleko zezindawo zasemadolobheni.
Indaba futhi ihlanganisa isici setiyori, nezinkomba zokuthi i-utopian urbanism Izibalo ezifana no-Charles Fourier, u-Le Corbusier, kanye nomakhi u-Ricardo Bofill nesakhiwo sakhe sokuhlala i-Les Espaces d'Abraxas, esisemaphethelweni e-Paris, sezivele zifakiwe. Lawa maphrojekthi, ekuqaleni acatshangelwa njengezixazululo ezifanelekile zokuhlalisana nokuhleleka kwedolobha, ahlaziywa kumahlaya ukusuka ebangeni elibalulekile elinikezwa isikhathi futhi ngokuqhathaniswa neqiniso lamanje, lapho eziningi zalezi zikhala zigcina ziguqulelwe cishe zibe yizilungiselelo ze-dystopian noma nje izindawo eziheha izivakashi.
I-Barcelona, āāezokuvakasha kanye nemodeli yedolobha okukhulunywa ngayo
Indawo yaseGrĆ cia, lapho J. Lobo Hispano LĆ³pez wakhulaLokhu kusebenza njengentambo yesibili eyisiqondiso emsebenzini wakhe. Umbhali ube ngufakazi oqondile wokuthi impilo yasendaweni, nendwangu yayo yomphakathi kanye nengxube yamabhizinisi endawo, ishintshwe kanjani ngokukhuphuka kwengcindezi yezokuvakasha kanye nezindawo ezithengiswayo. Lokhu kuguqulwa kwe-Barcelona yansuku zonke ibe umkhiqizo womthengi kubonakala ngemuva kokucabanga kwakhe ngezindlu nedolobha.
Emakhomikhi akhe, inhloko-dolobha yaseCatalan yethulwa njenge-a isikhala ekucindezelekeni unomphela Phakathi kwesidingo sokugcina impilo yasedolobheni eyiqiniso kanye nokuthambekela kokuba ipaki yetimu yezivakashi, idolobha liba "ithoyizi": isithombe siyalondolozwa, kodwa inani labantu elisisekelayo liyasuswa noma lenziwe libe sengozini. Lokhu kungalingani, umbhali uyachaza, kuhlobene kakhulu nendlela i-utopia yasemadolobheni eqondwe ngayo, njengendawo yokuya emile nephelele kunenqubo evulekile yoshintsho nokulungiswa.
Omunye wemibono osebenza kumahlaya akhe ukuthi ukwakheka kanye nomlingiswa wedolobha, ngaphezu kwakho konke, umsebenzi wesikhathi kanye nabakhileyo kuwoesikhundleni sohlelo oluvaliwe olwakhiwe ehhovisi. Lowo mbono uyaqiniswa lapho umbhali ethola, kuqwembe olunikezelwe kumakhi uRovira i Trias e-Barcelona, āāāāibinzana elixhuma ngokuphelele namahlaya akhe: "ukwakheka kwedolobha kuwumsebenzi wesikhathi, hhayi womdwebi wezakhiwo." Ukhumbula ukuthi lokho akutholile kwacishe kwaba isiphithiphithi ngoba kwakufingqa umnyombo walokho ayezama ukukusho.
Lo mbono udlulela nasekuchazeni izinkinga zasemadolobheni. U-Hispano LĆ³pez ukhetha ukunganikezi izixazululo eziqondile kumahlaya akhe, kodwa kunalokho ukubuza imibuzo. imibuzo nezimo lokho kungabhebhethekisa impikiswano ehlangene. Uwaqonda amahlaya angewona amanga njengethuluzi lokuhlaziya izimbangela, kunokuba njengendawo yokubizela imiyalelo yezepolitiki. Ngakho-ke, izindaba zakhe zigwema izakhiwo ezilula ezinokuchazwa okujwayelekile, isenzo esikhuphukayo, kanye nesinqumo.
I-general dimension ingesinye isici esibalulekile. Umbhali ngokwakhe ugcizelela ukuthi, esimweni samanje e-Barcelona, āāāākubalulekile ukulalela. amazwi asemasha akhuluma ngezinkinga ezibathinta ngqo, kusukela ezindlini kuye kwezokuvakasha ngokweqile kanye nokulahleka kwezindawo zomphakathi. Kulokhu, umsebenzi wabo ujoyina inhlangano ekhulayo yababhali abasebenzisa amahlaya njengemoto yokubonisa idolobha lanamuhla ngokombono womuntu siqu kodwa ngendlela ye-eseyi.
Umklomelo othuthukisa amahlaya ngesi-Catalan nezingezona izinganekwane
Umklomelo we-ARA we-Catalan Comics, ohlelwe yiphephandaba i-ARA ngokwesekwa nguMnyango Wezinqubomgomo Zolimi kuHulumeni WaseCatalan, usuzisungule njengenhlangano inkundla ebalulekile yamahlaya angelona iqinisoLo mncintiswano ugxile ezindabeni ezimfushane ezikhuluma ngezindaba zangempela, zezenhlalo noma zezombusazwe, okuye kwavumela amahlaya e-Catalan ukuthi afakwe ezingxoxweni ezazingajwayelekile phakathi neminyaka embalwa edlule.
Umcimbi wokumenyezelwa kwabawinile ububanjelwe e Ateneu BarcelonaEmcimbini owethulwe umbhali u-GlĆ”fira Smith, owine uhlelo lwango-2023, u-J. Lobo Hispano LĆ³pez umenyezelwe njengowine umklomelo omusha, futhi uhlu lwemisebenzi ezokwabelana ngevolumu [negama lombhali lingekho] lwembulwa. Amamitha ayisikwele angama-15 en I-Vignette 6, i-anthology elandelayo yomklomelo ezoshicilelwa yi-Ventanas entwasahlobo ka-2026.
Isitolimende esisha se- Isivini Izohlanganisa amahlaya avela kubabhali abahlukahlukene, okuhlanganisa UMarcos Prior noDanide con Iyini imvamisa?; Marlene Krause con Ikhasi; U-Hadrian Jamardo no-Pau EsparĆ³ con Impukane ngemva kwendlebe; Jordi GamĆ³n con Ulamula; Ferran Vidal con Okuncane (hhayi okuningi) kwesintu; U-Anna-Lina Mattar no-Marta Sabate con Ingabe uValero; I-Annadiplosis con I-Arcana Arcana; UFeliciano GarcĆa Zecchin con 70, 230 kanye noManolo GarcĆa benza kahle; U-Pol Guillen con Ilinde abezizwe; Miguel Pang con Mina, isiShayina; futhi Joan Codina con Umoya womoyaNjengoba kushiwo emithethweni yomklomelo, isembozo salo mqulu wesithupha sizoba umsebenzi wowinile, u-J. Lobo Hispano LĆ³pez.
Enkulumweni yakhe, uNobhala Wenqubomgomo Yezilimi, uFrancesc Xavier Vila, ukhumbule ukuthi normalization of Catalan Kungumsebenzi ohlangene futhi ohlukanisayo, lapho amahlaya adlala indima ebalulekile. Ugcizelele ukuthi amakhomikhi anikeza indlela eyingqayizivele yokufinyelela imibhalo nezindaba, futhi abonise ukuthi isiCatalan singahlanganisa wonke amarejista, okuhlanganisa abonwayo nahlolwayo, hhayi nje imibhalo yendabuko.
UVila uphinde wagqamisa ukubaluleka kokuklomelisa ngemisebenzi efana nale Amamitha ayisikwele angama-15, okuhlanganisa a ukuhlaziywa okuqinile kwezinkinga zomphakathi ngokuhlola kobuciko kolimi. Kusukela kulo mbono, umklomelo awugcini nje ngokuqaphela ukufaneleka kobuciko bomuntu ngamunye, kodwa futhi ugcizelela umqondo wokuthi isiCatalan siwulimi oluphilayo, olukwazi ukuchaza okwamanje kusukela emibonweni emincane nezinikele.
"ViƱetario" kanye namakhasi acishe abe yinkulungwane wamahlaya abengeke abe khona ngaphandle komklomelo
Le phrojekthi Isivini, exhunywe ku-ARA Comic Award, isiphenduke uhlobo umbiko obhaliwe womncintiswanoIvolumu ngayinye iqukethe ukukhethwa kwamahlaya angcono kakhulu ahanjiswe emncintiswaneni, okuvumela imisebenzi eminingi yekhwalithi engawini umklomelo wokuqala ukuthi igcine ifinyelele ezitolo zezincwadi.
Isekela lomqondisi wephephandaba i-ARA, u-Ignasi Aragay, ukhumbule ukuthi, ngokushicilelwa kwe- I-Vignette 6Iqoqo lizoba seliphelele 68 amahlaya angelona iqiniso ngesiCatalanokuhumushela cishe emakhasini ayinkulungwane. Uveze ukuthi okuningi kwalokhu kwaziswa bekungeke kube khona ngaphandle kokuba ababhali bawuthembe umklomelo nokusekelwa abashicileli ababambisene nabo kanye Nomnyango Wenqubomgomo Yezilimi.
U-Aragay ugubhe ukuthi a isizukulwane esisha sababhali obona amahlaya e-Catalan njengendawo esebenzayo, kokubili ngobuciko nangomsebenzi. Ngaso leso sikhathi, uxwayise ngokuthi i-ecosystem yokushicilela yamahlaya kulolu limi ihlala intekenteke futhi incane, ngakho-ke kuyadingeka "ukuyikhulisa futhi iyisekele" ngezinhlelo eziqhubekayo, imiklomelo, ukushicilelwa, kanye neziteshi ezizinzile zokusabalalisa.
Empeleni, i-ARA Comic Award isebenza njenge- ilabhorethri yezihloko namafomethilapho kutholakala khona izindlela ezihluke kakhulu: kusukela ezindabeni eziyingcaca kuye kumarekhodi omuntu siqu, okuhlanganisa izindaba ezihlobanisa umlando, ipolitiki, kanye nolwazi olujulile. Ukugxila kwezinganekwane kunikeza iqoqo umlingiswa ohlukile endaweni yamahlaya ase-Europe, lapho imincintiswano egxile kulolu hlobo lomsebenzi isemincane uma kuqhathaniswa.
Kubabhali abasebasha abafana no-J. Lobo Hispano LĆ³pez, le miqulu inezinjongo ezimbili. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, banikeza isango lokuya imakethe yokushicilelangokushicilelwa kokuqala kochwepheshe kanye nokubonakala ezitolo zezincwadi. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, benza inethiwekhi yama-affinities nge abanye abaculi bamahlaya abahlola ukukhathazeka okufanayoUkusuka ezindlini kuye kowaziwa, umsebenzi noma ukufuduka, njalo ngesiCatalan njengolimi lokufundisa.
Ukuqoqwa okuqhubekayo kwamakhasi ku Isivini dweba imephu yokuthi amahlaya e-Catalan asetshenziswe kanjani kule minyaka eyishumi edlule ukuze ukucabanga ngamaqiniso angaleso sikhathiKulo mongo, ukunqoba kwe Amamitha ayisikwele angama-15 Iqinisekisa umugqa womsebenzi ohlanganisa ukubhekwa kwansuku zonke, ithiyori yasemadolobheni kanye nokuqwashisa okuqinile kwezombusazwe, ngaphandle kokuyeka ukuhlekisa noma ukukhanya okuthile okubonakalayo.
Kwenzekani emhlabeni I-ARA Comic AwardAbawinile kanye ne-anthology ehambisanayo ibonisa izinga lapho amahlaya esi-Catalan angaba khona indawo evundile yokuxoxa ngezindlu, ezokuvakasha, idolobhakazi, ulimi, nokungqubuzana kwesizukulwane, konke ngesikhathi esisodwa. Umzila ka-J. Lobo Hispano LĆ³pez, kusukela emakhasini akhe okuqala ku- Ezokuvakasha kanye ne-utopia kuze kube sekuhlanganisweni lokho okushoyo Amamitha ayisikwele angama-15Lokhu kubonisa kahle ukuthi umklomelo walolu hlobo ungasebenza kanjani njengesisekelo sezwi elisha, elivela e-Barcelona naseYurophu, elibuka ngengilazi ekhulisayo ukuthi sishintsha kanjani amadolobha ethu nokuthi lezi zinguquko zisiphoqa kanjani ukuthi sicabange kabusha indlela esiphila ngayo, ukuhlalisana, nokutshelana okwenzeka kithi.
